Garden and Forest. 



[Vol. IV., No. 150. 



which amounted to something more than 20,000 barrels, were 

 within 16 barrels of the actual output of cranberries for the 

 year, and the estimates of the previous year were nearly 

 accurate. No good reason appears why the cranberry interest 

 of Wisconsin should not, when fully developed, rival any 

 other interest of this progressive state. Already the impor- 

 tance of the industry is attracting eastern capital to some 

 extent, and as new railroads open up tracts of Cranberry-land 

 not yet available for improvement, the business will unques- 

 tionably be much extended. The fine keeping quality and 

 color of the Wisconsin fruit is rapidly making for it a place 

 in the markets, while the ease with which the marshes are 

 improved and cared for will render successful competition 

 with the more limited Cranberry-regions of the older states a 

 comparatively easy matter. 



of Swartz, to which, I suspect, Smith's plant also belongs. 

 Professor Wittrock, of Stockholm, has most obligingly 

 compared a specimen of the Florida plant with the type of 

 M. latifolia preserved in Swartz's herbarium and finds them 

 identical ; and his conclusions are confirmed by a leaf 

 from Swartz's plant with which I have been favored. 



C. S. Sargent. 



Notes on North American Trees. — XXI. 



A south Florida and West Indian tree which has 

 often been referred to Myginda integrifolia of La- 

 marck differs in such important characters from the other 

 species of this genus, as Kunth and Grisebach pointed out 

 long ago, that it hardly seems possible to unite it with 

 them without greatly emending the characters of the genus 

 as generally limited to receive it. The unisexual flowers, 

 cup-shaped, fleshy disc, two-celled ovary, suspended 

 ovules and seed, appear to sufficiently distinguish this plant 

 generically ; and I should propose for it the name of 

 Gyminda,* the name of a section of Myginda established by 

 Grisebach {Cat. PI. Cub. 55) for our plant. 



The genus is an anomalous one with many affinities, as 

 Kunth pointed out, with Ilicinece, from which, however, 

 the prominent cup-shaped disc of the flower and the 

 opposite leaves separate it ; while it differs from all the 

 American Celastracece in its solitary suspended ovules. 



A specific name must be found, too, for an examination 

 of the specimen (without flower and with a single fruit 

 only) in Lamarck's herbarium, now in the Museum in 

 Paris, upon which he founded his Myginda integrifolia, 

 shows that it is not a Myginda at all but the Rhamnus 

 ferrea of Vahl now referred to Condalia by Grisebach, so 

 that Myginda integrifolia must become a synonym of that 

 plant. Nothing, therefore, stands in the way of associating 

 with our tree the name of the distinguished botanist Grise- 

 bach, who appears first to have understood its peculiar 

 structure and monotypic character. The rather complicated 

 synonymy of this plant as I now understand it is : 



Gyminda Grisebachii. 



Myginda integrifolia, HBK., Nov. Gen. & Spec. vii. 66 (not 

 Lamarck, Diet. iv. 368). — De Candolle, Prodr. ii. 243. — 

 Grisebach, Cat. PI. Cub. 55. — Sargent, Bot. Gazette, xi. 314. — 

 Trelease, Proc. St. Louis Acad. v. 



M. pallens, Sargent, Forest Trees N. A?n.. loth Census 

 U. S. ix. 38 (not Smith). 



M. latifolia, Chapman, Fl. S. Stales, 76 (not Swartz). — 

 Trelease, Trans. St. Louis Acad. v. 



There is a form with rather smaller and more broadly 

 obovate, thinner and very glaucous leaves, found in Cuba by 

 Charles Wright (No. 81") and distinguished by Grisebach 

 as Myginda integrifolia glaucescens. For this Gyminda 

 Grisebachii, var. glaucescens, would be the varietal name. 



The Florida Myginda (Palmer, Key West, 1874, No. 81 ; 

 Curtiss, No Name Key), referred usually to M. pallens, Smith 

 (see Chapman, Fl. Southern Slates, Suppl., 612. — Tre- 

 lease, Proc. St. Louis Acad, v.), turns out to be M. latifolia 



*Gyminda, Nov. gen. Celast racearum . Flores dioici. Calyx parvus, tubo brevi 

 urceolato, lobis 4, rotundatis. Discus cupularis, crassus, 4-lobus. Petala 4, ro- 

 tundata, reflexa. Stamina 4, inter disci lobosinserta; filamentis subulatis, incurvis, 

 excertis; antherse obionga?, introrsse, 2-locularae, loculis confluentibus, longitudin- 

 aliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium, oblongum, sessile, cum disco confluens, 2-loculare ; 

 stylus o; stigma terminate, 2-lobatum; ovula, in loculis solitaria, ab apice loculi pen- 

 dula ; raphe dorsalis. Fructus parvus, obovatus, drupaceous, carne parca, puta- 

 mine crustaceo, 2-locuIari. Semina pendula ; testa membranacea, albumine car- 

 noso. Embryo linearis, axilis ; cotyledones ovatse, amplse ; radicula supera, hilo 

 proxima. 



Frutex vel arbor glabra. Folia opposita, oblongo-ovata, ad apice rotundata vel 

 emarginata, integerrima, vel crenata, margine crasso revoluto, brevita petiolata, 

 coriacea, sempervirentia. Stipulse parva?, caduceae. Flores bi-bracteatae minuti, 

 subcymosi, pedunculis, axillaribus, dichatome pauci-floris. Fructus nigrus vel 

 coerulescens. Species unica. Antillana et Floriaana. 



Gyminda Grisebachii. 



New or Little Known Plants. 

 New Orchids. 



Cattleya granulosa, var. Buyssoniana, O'Brien, is a 

 beautiful variety with ivory-white sepals and petals, and the 

 front lobe of the lip rose-crimson, with some yellowish mark- 

 ings. A plant was exhibited by Messrs. Linden, L'Horticulture 

 Internationale, Brussels, at a meeting of the Royal Horticul- 

 tural Society on October 14th last, when it received an award 

 of merit. — Gardeners' Chronicle, October 18th, p. 447, and No- 

 vember 22d, pp. 588, 589, Fig. 116. 



Dendrobium x Cassiope, Rolfe, is a very pretty little hybrid 

 raised by Mr. Norman C. Cookson, of Wylam-on-Tyne, from 

 D. Japonicum fertilized with the pollen of D.nobile abliftorum. 

 The flowers are pure white, with a clear maroon-purple throat 

 to the lip. It can well be compared with D. X euosmum and 

 D. X endocharis, two of the most elegant little hybrids yet 

 raised. — Gardeners' Chronicle, November 29th, p. 620. 



Cattleya superba, var. alba, Rolfe, is a most beautiful 

 pure white variety, discovered and cultivated by Mr. Edward 

 S. Rand, of Para, Brazil. It is to be hoped that a stock of it 

 will in time appear. — Gardeners' Chronicle, November 29th, 

 p. 620. 



Cypripedium x Arnoldianum, Manda, is a distinct and 

 pretty hybrid raised from C. superbiens and C. concolor by Joseph 

 Manda, Jr., of Short Hills, New Jersey, U. S. A. It is said to have 

 flowered when less than twoyears old, the quickest time on record 

 for a Cypripedium. The flowers are lemon-yellow, with vinous 

 purple nerves on the dorsal sepal, some dark spots on the 

 petals, and some deep vinous purple veins and dottings on 

 the front of the lip. The staminode is lemon-yellow with 

 purple border. — Gardeners' Chronicle, November 29th, pp.632, 

 633. Fig- I2 3- 



Cirrhopetalum Mastersianum, Rolfe, is a pretty little 

 species introduced from the Dutch Indies by Messrs. Linden, 

 L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels. It is allied to C. 

 gamosepalum, Griff. The peduncles are reddish crimson 

 and the flowers orange-yellow, with brownish crimson lines, 

 except on the upper half of the lateral sepals ; the lip is purple- 

 brown. — Lindenia, vi., p. 33, t. 2515. 



Kew. f 00 dd R A RoJ ^ 



Cultural Department. 



Notes on Some Hardy Wild Roses. — I. 



IN a standard work on Roses, by an eminent authority and 

 pleasant and entertaining writer, the wild type of our 

 Roses is spoken of as " fit only for the road-side." But this 

 statement was made before the general introduction of that 

 exceedingly hardy and handsome species, the Rosa rugosa, 

 from Japan, and its still more beautiful white variety known 

 as Rosa rugosa alba. A typical Wild Rose may be said to be 

 any single flowered wild species which has not become much 

 changed or modified by cultivation or artificial treatment at 

 the hands of man. Semi-double forms and plants having 

 unusual peculiarities are sometimes found growing wild, but 

 they are exceptional, and, as a rule, abnormal. Although 

 always admired and sought for and furnishing a theme for 

 many a poem and homily, these single species remain com- 

 paratively rare in our gardens, beingquite supplanted by the vast 

 number of hybrids and other double Roses of artificial origin. 

 But besides theirchaste beauty of flower, some of the single spe- 

 cies have another recommendation in the bright colored fruit 

 which they show in the autumn, whereas the double flowered 

 garden varieties generally produce no hips. 



The Wild Roses are all, apparently, easy of cultivation in 

 good garden soil ; but a few may seem more at home and 

 give more satisfaction under exceptional conditions. As a 

 rule, all of them may be safely and exactly reproduced or 

 propagated, according to their kind, by seed. If, however, it 

 is desirable to perpetuate a peculiarity of color, a free-flower- 

 ing habit, large blossoms, or any other characteristic of any 

 individual plant, it should be propagated by cuttings or layers 

 and not by seed. Some species form new roots very readily, 



