2l6 



Garden and Forest. 



[Number 167. 



ports mention Roses as most profitable, Carnations second 

 and Violets third, while twenty per cent, rank Carnations first, 

 Roses second and Violets third. 



Notes. 



Mr. Jacob Austin, of Fergus Falls, Minnesota, who has done 

 much to encourage tree-planting on the borders of the prairie, 

 has been exhibiting a fine lot of maple-sugar made from trees 

 of his own planting. 



" Reader," who wishes to know whether the Rose Baroness 

 Rothschild is correctly described in a leading trade catalogue 

 as " delightfully perfumed," is informed that the Rose in ques- 

 tion has no fragrance. 



Lilies-of-the-valley have recently been grown in England in 

 large pyramids formed of a light, wooden, lattice-work filled 

 with moss, the bulbs being set about an inch apart, and the 

 plants, when fully developed, forming a solid mass of leaves 

 and flowers. 



For the past week the Weeping Japanese Cherry has been 

 an object of striking beauty. These trees grow very rapidly, 

 and soon become twelve or fifteen feet high, with branches 

 which droop to the ground in a circle of as many feet in 

 diameter, and covered completely with light pink blossoms. 



Rarely do we see Peach-trees, Cherry-trees, Plum-trees and 

 Apple-trees all in bloom at once, but this is what has happened 

 this year in this neighborhood owing to the sudden coming 

 of warm sunshine. Singularly enough, hereabouts, the blos- 

 soms of the Cherry-trees opened before those of the Peach- 

 trees. What was the occasion of this change in the order of 

 the floral procession ? 



In a paper on cultivating Carnations, read before the Phila- 

 delphia Florist Club, Mr. A. M. Herr gave the following list of 

 varieties as the best market sorts with him, on sandy loam that 

 does not readily become water-clogged : For white, Lizzie 

 McGowan, Mrs. Fisher, L. L. Lamborn and Silver Spray ; for 

 pink, Grace Wilder, Christmas, Fred Creighton and Day Break ; 

 for scarlet, Hector only ; for crimson, Anna Webb ; for car- 

 mine there is nothing to compare with Tidal Wave. Butter- 

 cup is the best of its color, but it cannot be grown successfully 

 by Mr. Herr, and therefore he substitutes for it Golden Gate. 

 For fancy, J. J. Harrison, Nellie Lewis and Chester Pride have 

 proved the best. 



It is asserted in a German horticultural journal that two valu- 

 able novelties, Iris Danfordice and Heuchera sanguined, have 

 proved entirely hardy in Silesia during two severe winters. 

 The former, which was procured by Herr Max Leichtlin from 

 the banks of the Euphrates, perished the first winter that the 

 writer attempted to grow it, when it was protected with planks 

 and leaves. But -this year, when it was left entirely unpro- 

 tected, it survived and came bravely into bloom with the 

 Snowdrops. An old plant of Heuchera sanguinea, which is a 

 native of Arizona and northern Mexico, was also left uncov- 

 ered and likewise survived, while seedlings of 1889 did as well 

 under a slight covering. 



A Hyacinth exhibition was recently held at Charlottenburg, 

 near Berlin, for the purpose of proving that German horticul- 

 turists and amateurs need not feel dependent upon Holland 

 for their supply of these plants. Twenty thousand blooming 

 plants were exhibited by eleven growers of the immediate 

 vicinity, and the display is said to have been very fine despite 

 the unfavorable weather of the winter just past. A writer in 

 Gartenfiora declares that, although much greater areas are 

 devoted to Hyacinth culture in Holland than in Prussia, and 

 although the varieties there produced are more numerous, the 

 Berlin flowers now equal the Dutch as regards purity of strain, 

 good general development, prolific blooming, and the beauty 

 of individual flowers. 



In response to a request for a list of varieties to restore a 

 run-down fruit-garden, Mr. J. J. Thomas names the following, 

 which are hardy and productive, and as they are for home use 

 good quality has been considered of the first importance. 

 Apples, for succession : Early Harvest, Yellow Transparent, 

 Sweet Bough, Primate, Autumn Strawberry, Gravenstein, 

 Fameuse, Hubbardston, Wagener, R. I. Greening, Jonathan, 

 Red Canada. Pears : Summer Doyenne', Giffard, Tyson, Bart- 

 lett, Howell, Anjou, Lawrence, Malines. Peaches : Early 

 Rivers, Mountain Rose, Large Early York, Crawford, Nivette, 

 Richmond, Stump, Salway and many others. Plums: Brad- 

 shaw, Imperial Gage, McLaughlin, Jefferson, Lawrence Gage, 



Bavay. Cherries : Coe's Transparent, Rockport, Black Tar- 

 tarian, Windsor, Early Richmond, Large Morello. These are 

 only a few ; there are other sorts nearly as good, and which 

 may be substituted when a change in locality requires, or 

 where personal preferences would make additions. 



In an article on "The Republic of Uruguay," by Mr. Theo- 

 dore Child, published in the May number of Harper's Maga- 

 zine, there is a description of the Central Cemetery of Monte- 

 video which shows that the Campo Santo of the south of 

 Europe has perpetuated itself in South America. This ceme- 

 tery, we are told, "is considered one of the sights of the 

 capital. It has a monumental entrance and an elaborate 

 chapel, and is reputed to be the most luxuriously and best- 

 arranged cemetery in South America. It is situated on the 

 sea-shore and divided into three sections, surrounded by high 

 walls, in which are arranged, on the inside, innumerable 

 niches, each with its marble tablet recording the names of 

 those whose remains are deposited inside. The coffins are 

 wound up to the mouth of these mural cellules by means of 

 a portable lift and ladder combined, and the whole surface of 

 the walls is hung with wreaths of fresh flowers or of beads, 

 which stand out in strong relief against the marble facings. 

 Each section of the cemetery is carefully laid out, fenced in 

 with iron railings, and full of tombs and monuments of great 

 price and pretensions, due to the chisels of the sculptors of 

 Rome and Milan. The vegetation in the cemetery is most 

 varied, and, besides the funereal Cypresses, there are flowering 

 shrubs of many kinds, and on almost every grave wreaths of 

 fresh flowers, constantly renewed, that fill the air with their 

 perfume. The pious luxury displayed in this Campo Santo is 

 remarkable." 



The name of Baron Haussmann, who recently died in Paris 

 at the age of eighty-two years, is probably better known than 

 that of any of his contemporaries whose public services were 

 of a purely pacific kind. Appointed Prefect of the Seine in 

 1853, soon after Napoleon III. placed himself on the throne, he 

 was busied until the fall of the Empire in improving the city 

 of Paris. Not unnaturally, he was severely criticised for many 

 of the changes he wrought in sweeping away the old narrow 

 filthy streets and opening wide, straight thoroughfares in their 

 stead, for the historic interest of Paris was thus greatly de- 

 creased and many buildings of architectural as well as historic 

 importance were swept away. But those who believe that the 

 first purpose of cities is to afford comfortable and wholesome 

 places of habitation rather than to be museums for the delec- 

 tation of travelers, cannot but look with admiration on the 

 results of his work, which have made of Paris the most stately 

 and splendid of modern towns. Nor were his services con- 

 fined to the cutting of new boulevards and the transforming of 

 whole regions like the Batignolles Quarter from tangles of dirty 

 alleys, inhabited by the most wretched poor, into spacious, airy 

 and healthful districts. He carefully arranged for the planting 

 of avenues and small squares, was the first to propose the 

 improvement of the Bois de Boulogne and the Pare Monceau, 

 and established the Pare des Buttes Chaumont, which, on ac- 

 count of the peculiarly broken character of its site, is now one 

 of the most interesting pleasure-grounds in Europe. 



The court-gardener at Carlsruhe recently wrote to a German 

 horticultural journal that many of the trees under his care had 

 suffered terribly during the exceptionally cold season just past. 

 Cherry-Laurels and Aucubas had frozen, and likewise Cedars 

 of Lebanon, Deodars, Sequoia sempervirens, Libocedrus decur- 

 rens, Cryptomeria japonica, Abies concolor and its variety lasio- 

 carpa, Abies Webbiana, Picea Morinda, Pseudotsuga taxifolia, 

 and many other conifers had seriously suffered, and dead wood 

 was already to be seen on many deciduous trees, while the whole 

 damage could not be estimated until later in the season. But, 

 says the writer, as was the case eleven years ago, when even 

 native trees perished, no specimen of the Tulip-tree had 

 suffered, neither an old tree, a sapling in the nursery, or a 

 seedling. Even further north in Germany, he believes, this 

 tree will prove itself hardy, at least in somewhat sheltered 

 situations, if a slight protection be given to its roots while 

 young. The beauty of the tree receives high praise at 

 his hands, particular mention being made of an avenue in 

 Carlsruhe, composed of eighty-one specimens measuring 

 from one metre to nearly two metres in the circumference 

 of their trunks. He deplores the fact that Tulip-trees are not 

 more generally planted in Germany, and says that, in the 

 avenue just mentioned, many naturally produced seedlings 

 are found each year, all of which, when transplanted, prove 

 perfectly hardy. He insistently recommends the end of April 

 or the beginning of May as the best season for planting. 



