252 



Garden and Forest. 



[Number 170. 



be selected best suited to accomplish it. If, for example, it is 

 desired to obtain timber in as short a time as possible, E. glo- 

 bulus, E. Mulleri or E. gomphocephala should be planted. If 

 very heavy wood is desired, then E. marginata, E. rostrata 

 and especially E. polyantliema should be used. If it is a ques- 

 tion only of obtaining handsome trees for the decoration of 

 parks or avenues, one would choose naturally the species 

 most remarkable for the beauty of their growth, for the dense 

 shade cast by leaves and by their abundant flowers, such as 

 E. robusta, E. comuta, E. botryoides or E. leucoxylon." 



These short extracts will give, perhaps, an idea of the scope 

 and character of Monsieur Naudin's contribution to dendro- 

 logical science. For the full account of the Eucalyptus, as 

 known in Europe, however, we must refer our readers to the 

 paper itself, which, it seems to us, might with great advantage 

 be reprinted in this country for the benefit of the rapidly in- 

 creasing class of people whose homes are in southern Cali- 

 fornia, where the cultivation of these trees is every year 

 becoming a more important industry. 



Notes. 



The Messrs. Putnam are about to publish a "Leaf-Collector's 

 Hand-book," prepared by Professor Charles F. Newhall. 



The Russian Department of Agriculture and Farming pro- 

 poses to introduce the cultivation of the Opium Poppy into the 

 Caucasian region. 



Among the pretty names applied by the Japanese to their 

 Chrysanthemums are: "Snow on the Leaf of the Bamboo," 

 "Thin Cloud," "Gold Dragon," "Spray-capped Wave" and 

 " Star-lit Night." 



A well of clear water which existed near what is now the 

 city of Dublin was called, in Celtic times, "Fain-Usk," and the 

 name, in a curiously altered form, has been preserved to our 

 own times in that of Phcenix Park. 



The Massachusetts Agricultural Society has doubly honored 

 Spircea Japonica, var. grandiflora, by awarding it a first-class 

 certificate and a silver medal at recent meetings. It is a new 

 and much improved form of the familiar S. Japonica. 



Among the most beautiful of the shrubs in Central Park at 

 this time is the Ramanas Rose {Rosa rugosa), and especially 

 the white variety. In grace of form, richness of foliage and 

 beauty of flower and fruit, this shrub has hardly a superior. 



A correspondent of the American Florist writes that the 

 Village Improvement Society of the town of Winchester, a 

 suburb of Boston, has inaugurated the commendable practice 

 of distributing to the school-children flower-seeds and bulbs, 

 with the otfer of certain premiums to those who excel in the 

 culture of the same. The children have entered into the 

 scheme with great enthusiasm. 



Professor Trelease issues, in a separate volume, from the 

 second annual report of the Missouri Botanic Garden, his revis- 

 ion of the American species of Epilobium growing north of Mexi- 

 co. Thirty-eight species are described, some of them being now 

 characterized for the first time, and the paper, which is one of 

 the most important of the recent contributions to North Ameri- 

 can botany, is enriched with forty-eight full-page lithographed 

 plates, showing the habit and structure of the different species. 



In that old and curious book, the " Rarities of New Eng- 

 land," the Touch-me-not, or Jewel-weed {Impatiens fulva), 

 is called the "Humming-bird-tree," and is thus quaintly de- 

 scribed : "This Plant the Humming-bird feedeth upon, it 

 groweth in wet ground, and is not at its full growth till July, 

 and then it is two Cubits high and better, the Leaves are thin 

 and of a pale green Colour, some of them as big as a Nettle 

 Leaf, it spreads into many Branches, knotty at the setting on, 

 and of a purple Colour, and garnished at the top with many 

 hollow dangling Flowers of a bright yellow Colour, speckled 

 with deeper yellow as it were shadowed, the Stalks are all hol- 

 low as a Kix and so are the Roots, which are transparent, 

 very tender and full of a yellowish juice." Its leaves are de- 

 clared to be a remedy for the effects of Poison Ivy and to be 

 good for " Bruises and Aches upon Stroakes." 



Steps are now being taken by members of the Royal Scot- 

 tish Arboricultural Society to secure a fund for the foundation 

 of a Chair of Forestry in the University of Edinburgh, and to 

 endow it properly. The subject has been before the society 

 for many years, and has received the cordial support from the 

 most eminent forest-students of the day. During the two last 

 sessions of the University a forestry class has been success- 



fully taught by Dr. Summerville. The interest shown in this 

 course has been considerable, and points to the desirability of 

 establishing in Scotland, on a permanent basis, the study of for- 

 estry as a science. Dr. Summerville's lectures have been sup- 

 ported by a grant from the senate of the University, but there 

 is now reason to fear that this aid will be withdrawn unless a 

 permanent endowment fund is provided by local effort. It is 

 thought that $25,000 will be required for this purpose ; about 

 $7,500 of this sum have already been received by the Univer- 

 sity and by the Highland Agricultural Society of Scotland. 



From the annual report of the City Parks Association of 

 Philadelphia, it appears that during the past year two parks, 

 Weccacoe Square and Bartram's Garden, have "been opened to 

 the public, while two more, Northwood Park and Juniata Park, 

 bid fair to be opened. The final acquisition, after a century of 

 neglect, of Bartram's Garden is an achievement for which all 

 good citizens will be grateful. Four new parks have been 

 placed on the city plan by Councils, and an ordinance was 

 passed last winter providing for grass-plots and the planting 

 of trees along the sidewalks of the streets and avenues of the 

 city, which are seventy feet wide, and over, from house-line to 

 house-line. Other progress has been made in the matters 

 concerning which this association interests itself, and no 

 doubt the work done by it, and the efforts of its individual 

 members, have exercised a marked influence in keeping alive 

 public interest in the necessity of open squares and pleasure- 

 grounds in the city. It is to be hoped that similar associations 

 will be formed in other cities. 



The idea so often recommended that winter as well as sum- 

 mer should be considered in the arrangement of country- 

 places, was thus charmingly set forth by Joseph Addison in 

 the Spectator for September 6th, 1712: "I can by no means 

 think the verdure of an evergreen comparable to that which 

 shoots out annually and clothes our trees in the summer sea- 

 son. But I have often wondered that those who are like 

 myself, and love to live in gardens, have never thought of 

 contriving a winter garden, which should consist of such trees 

 only as never cast their leaves. . . . When Nature is in her 

 desolation and presents us with nothing but bleak and barren 

 prospects, there is something unspeakably cheerful in a spot 

 of ground which is covered with trees that smile amid all the 

 rigors of winter, and give us a view of the most gay season, 

 in the midst of that which is most dead and melancholy. I 

 have so far indulged myself in this thought that I have set apart 

 a whole acre of ground for the executing of it. The walls are 

 covered with Ivy instead of vines. The Laurel, the Horn- 

 beam and the Holly, with many other trees and plants of the 

 same nature, grow so thick in it that you cannot imagine a 

 more lively scene. The glowing redness of the berries with 

 which they are hung at this time, vies with the verdure of 

 their leaves. ... It is very pleasant at the same time to see 

 the several kinds of birds retiring into this little garden spot, 

 and enjoying themselves among the branches and foliage, 

 when my great garden . . . does not afford a single leaf for 

 their shelter." 



The tenth bulletin of the Central Experimental Farm of the 

 Ottawa Department of Agriculture is devoted mainly to the 

 treatment of the disease known as Apple Scab. This fungus, 

 which has been long known, has come to be so serious in 

 many parts of Canada that orchards of Fameuse Apples which, 

 ten years ago, yielded from sixty to seventy-five per cent, of 

 first-class fruit, now give no more than twenty-five or thirty per 

 cent., the remainder being "seconds" or "thirds." The late 

 Mr. Charles Gibb once stated to the Montreal Horticultural 

 Society that in his orchard the effect of this disease was so 

 marked that his apples brought an average of only twenty-five 

 cents a bushel, while, if they had been free from the spot the 

 same variety would have sold for seventy-five cents a bushel. 

 To this reduction in selling price must be added the loss re- 

 sulting from diminished size, which is quite as serious, so 

 that the total direct and indirect depreciation of value, when 

 compared with that of first-class fruit, would be about in the 

 proportion of one to four. The bulletin goes on to give an 

 account of the fungus {Fusicladium dendriticuni), which has 

 been often described, together with an account of experiments 

 to show that carbonate of copper in simple mixture or suspen- 

 sion with water is a very effective remedy. The experiments 

 confirm what has been often stated in these columns, that the 

 application should be made early, that is,, the first one should 

 be made before the blossoms open and the second soon after 

 they have fallen. The liquid should be distributed in a fine 

 spray by proper nozzles, and, although the trees do not need 

 to be drenched, they should be completely moistened. 



