3 8o 



Garden and Forest. 



[Number 181. 



only bears early, but holds on late. The berry carries well, 

 and promises to be valuable. Then comes Marlboro, a good 

 berry if grown in hills or very thin rows and cultivated, but it 

 easily runs wild. With Marlboro comes a second seedling, with 

 stout canes, growing late ; it has a large, round, bright scarlet 

 berry. Like the first, this is from a batch of seedlings of Phila- 

 delphia and Cuthbert parentage. This berry carries finely, and 

 is handsome. Turner and Philadelphia 

 come quickly after these, and Turner is 

 grand if grown very thin and highly culti- 

 vated. The chief trouble is it runs thick 

 and wild and fruitless if it has a chance. 



Hansell and Crimson Cluster are worth- 

 less with me. They bear a little in the 

 fall, but it is not a crop to desire. They 

 are practically weeds. Lost Rubies lin- 

 gers about my vineyard, but is not a berry 

 of value. Its real name is in doubt. 



Franconia, among yellows, ripens with 

 Turner, but is very soft, and decays 

 quickly. Golden Queen is a fine berry, 

 ripening immediately after Marlboro and 

 before Cuthbert — that is, Golden Queen 

 averages a few days ahead of its brother 

 or its parent. I do not believe it is a 

 sport of Cuthbert, but a seedling of it, 

 such a chance as appears in our fields 

 occasionally. It is a grand berry when 

 there is a market for yellow sorts. 

 But this must be borne in mind, that 

 it neither carries as well as Cuthbert 

 nor is it as good a keeper. I always pick 

 mine at night for next morning's delivery, 

 or, if possible, on the morning of delivery. 

 Cuthbert is the standard for general 

 market purposes, and a really ideal fruit. 

 It will do well on the same ground for ten 

 years or more. It is important that the 

 old canes should be cut close when cut 

 out in October ; but it does not injure the 

 Cuthbert to stand close in rows. Mine 

 have for eight years grown in rows only 

 four feet apart. 



I prefer taller plants than those usually 

 grown — that is, six feet in preference to 

 four. To be sure, the main crop is high, 

 but the advantages are that the ground is 

 shaded, and in dry weather is kept moist. 

 There is also much advantage to pickers, 

 as a grown person can stand erect most 

 of the time, and be fairly well shaded at 

 that. Ihaveexperimented with still higher 

 clipping, but have decided that six feet is 

 about right. The canes are all tied to a 

 wire running from post to post about 

 four feet from the ground. The posts 

 need not be closer than twenty-five feet. 

 Tie four or five canes together below or 

 above the wire — not to or around the 

 wire. I cut out old canes, and tie new 

 ones in October. The old canes may lie 

 for mulch through winter. In the spring 

 they are raked up and burned, and the 

 rows are cultivated and hoed twice. After 

 which plants are left until the crop is 

 gathered. 



Schaffer's Colossal is a marvelous fruit, 

 with only one fault, that of color. If scar- 

 let it would hardly be open to any crit- 

 icism, but it is a purple. The canes always 

 die back somewhat in winter, but the 

 crop comes on most abundant and with- 

 out fail. This variety yields five baskets 

 to three of Cuthbert and two of Philadel- 

 phia. The Rochelle is also purple, and a 

 fine cropper, but not large, and has 

 rusted with me. This year it is excellent. Ki „ 63 _ A i )ies | a 



Of black Raspberries I place Palmer 

 and Souhegan ahead on the hardy list, but Gregs: would stand 

 foremost if hardy. I have at least a dozen seedlings that are 

 equals to the choice sorts, and I am in hopes to secure from 

 them a hardy Gregg. Wherever a black Raspberry comes up it 

 is allowed to grow until it shows its quality. Birds tow them very 

 freely. Black Caps cannot be grown for profit unless in connec- 

 tion with an apparatus for drying. 



Clinton, N. Y. E. P. Powell. 



The Water Garden. 



Sagittaria Montevidensis.— The flowers of this variety 

 are usually described as having a red blotch at the base of the 

 petals, and probably this is the habitual coloring. It seems, how- 

 ever, that the flowers are variable, one of my seedlings pro- 

 ducing flowers with no trace of red, but with a lemon-vellow 



acarpa and Tsuga Pattoniana on Mount Ranier, Washington. — See page 382. 



shading at the base of the petals. This Arrowhead is the tall- 

 est member of the family, and is very useful where a tropical 

 effect is desired in the water garden. The leaves are scarcely 

 larger than those of a well-grown specimen of our native va- 

 riety, but they are borne on tapering stalks some four or five 

 feet high and some three inches in diameter at the base. The 

 flowering scapes are also massive, and even longer than the 

 leaf-staiks. The flowers, which are freely produced, are two 



