AUSTRALIAN CAINOZOIC (TERTIARY) DEPOSITS. 43 



Before Laube wrote, the Rev. Julian Woods * had noticed the 

 Hemipatagus as a Spatangus ; and I had described it, calling it 

 Hemipatagus Forbesi f, Woods and Duncan. Two or three other 

 Echinida were also noticed by Mr. Woods and myself. 



In August 1875 1 Mr. B,. Etheridge, jun., E.G.S., described a 

 species of Hemipatagus from the Tertiaries of Victoria, and gave a 

 history of the work done by his predecessors, and also a most 

 interesting essay, to which was added a list of species. 



Whilst these years were elapsing, progress was made in the 

 Geological Survey of South Australia and Victoria ; and Daintree, 

 Etheridge, Aplin, Ulrich, Wilkinson §, and others under Selwyn, and, 

 independently of all, Mr. Woods, described and mapped the Tertiary 

 deposits. The general relations of the Mount-Gambier, Glenelg, 

 Murray, Hamilton, Muddy-Creek, Cape-Otway, and Port-Phillip's- 

 Bay (Mordialloc) Tertiaries were thus determined, and their fossils 

 were collected. 



In 1864 and 1865 || I described several species of Madreporaria 

 from the Tertiaries ; and in 1870, after having had the details of the 

 Cape-Otway section sent to me, and a very large collection of corals 

 also, by Mr. Selwyn, I communicated an essay to this Society on the 

 Madreporaria of the Australian Tertiary deposits ^[. The geology of 

 the Tertiaries was given in that paper, and their local and general 

 correlation also. The recent Australian fauna of Echinoderms had 

 been gradually described ; and collections had been made contempo- 

 raneously with the geological researches, so that the great difficul- 

 ties in the path of the student of the Echini were removed**; 

 moreover the position of the fossil specimens was decided, and they 

 can now be compared with the recent types. 



Eor several years I have been receiving a few specimens of Echinida 

 from different Australian Tertiary deposits ; and lately a large num- 

 ber have been examined by me from the collection of the Geological 

 Society, the British Museum, and from that of H. M. Jenkins, 

 Esq., E.G.S., most of the fossils of the last named having been collected 

 with great care. The number of species is not great ; but it is 

 sufficient to stamp the fauna with a very peculiar facies, and to 

 indicate that the particular characteristic of the existing fauna was 

 not present in the past, that the facies is older than that of most 

 deposits of similar age, and that a part of it is decidedly modern in 

 appearance, there being but slight differences between the ancient 

 and a part of the existing fauna. 



As the details of the sections whence the fossils now described 

 came, and which have yielded most of those determined by Woods, 



* Geological Observations in South Australia. 1862. 

 f Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. (1864), ser. 3, vol. xiv. p. 165. 

 I Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxxi. p. 444. 

 § Reports of Geological Survey of Victoria. 

 || Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vols. xiv. and xvi. 

 ^[ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 284. 



** Gray, ' Cat. Echini Brit, Mue.; ' A. Agassiz, ' Revision of the Echini,' 1872- 

 1874. 



