AUSTRALIAN CALNOZOEC ( TERTIARY) DEPOSITS. 45 



Many spines of Echini have been found in the Cape-Otway and 

 Schnapper-Point deposits ; they appear to have belonged to species 

 of the genus Goniocidaris, and possibly of Phyllacanthus and Ste- 

 phanocidaris. 



Note. — I have not included those forms which, although " named " 

 by Professor McCoy, have not been described or figured by him, as 

 it is not permitted by the common consent of palaeontologists. 



III. Description of the new Species. 

 DESMOSTICHA. 



Family CIDARID^E. 

 Subfamily Goniocidarid^b, Hackel. 

 Genus Leiocidaris, Desor. 

 Leiocidaris Australia, sp. liov. Plate III. figs. 1 & 2. 



The test is greatly and suddenly depressed towards the actino- 

 some. The ambulacra are slightly wavy, narrow, and have four 

 vertical rows of small miliary tubercles, the inner rows having the 

 smallest tubercles ; and the poriferous zones are sunken, the pores 

 being conjugate, and each pair separated from its neighbours by 

 a distinct ridge. 



The interambulacral tubercles are few in number, and most are 

 very large ; the perforate mamelon is small in relation to the plain, 

 large, conical and well-developed boss. The scrobicule is deeply 

 sunken, elliptical, and is overhung by the scrobicular circle which 

 slopes down to the suture, being ornamented by radiating rows of 

 two or three very small tubercles. The median interambulacral 

 space is sunken, and the vertical sutures of the plates are distinctly 

 marked by a lower space, which is in a zigzag from above down- 

 wards. The upper large tubercles have a smaller scrobicular area 

 than those in the middle of the test ; and the tubercles diminish 

 rapidly in size towards the actinosome. 



Locality. — Cape Otway, No. 5 Section. 



The generic diagnosis of Dorocidaris, to which genus the species 

 has very great affinities, is given in A. Agassiz's ' Eevision of the 

 Echini,' pt. i. p. 254, and concludes with the determination, " Pori- 

 ferous zone narrow, undulating, with disconnected pores." The 

 pores in the species now under consideration are certainly conju- 

 gate ; and in this they resemble Desor's genus Leiocidaris. Evidently 

 these two genera are doubtful subgenera of Cidaris; but there are 

 reasons for adopting them provisionally. 



The resemblance of the portion of the test preserved in the soft 

 sandstone to a corresponding part of the very variable Dorocidaris 

 papillata of the Atlantic, Florida sea, and the Mediterranean is very 

 remarkable ; but the fossil form evidently comes under the genus 

 Leiocidaris, Desor. 



