AUSTRALIAN C'ALVOZOK ( TERTIARY) BEPO 57 



Laube stated /V^. e&) that there is a spectacle-shaped fascicle in 

 Hendpatagus ; and then R. Etheridge, jun.,in l*7o, writes, ;t Below 

 the anal orifice is a spectacle-shaped fasciole carrying on each side 

 a circlet of primary perforated tubercles." They thus brought the 

 genus into actual identity with Maretin. whfch, however, was not 

 known then to be represented in any fossiliferous deposits, and which 

 was supposed to be a recent form. 



Recent investigations upon some wonderfully perfect specimens 

 have enabled me to add to Laube's discovery the existence of an 

 internal fasciole ; and it is therefore necessary to take the group 

 away from Spatangus and Maretia, according to the ordinary rules 

 of classification (although much may be said to the contrary in a 

 classification founded on heredity), and to place it in the neigh- 

 bourhood of Bregma and B a. under the head of Love* 

 Desor. 



Lovenia has the following characters : — 



thin, elongate, arched, flattened, truncated posteriorly. Large 

 tubercles upon the upper or abactinal surface, but not on the posterior 

 interambulacrum ; and they are situate in deep and large scrobicu". 

 The ambulacral petals, in somewhat triangular and adjoining zones, 

 form tw nts on each side of the apex. There are four gene- 



rative pores ; and the anal system is more or less sunken in the 

 posterior truncation. The anterior groove is slight. The actinal 

 surface has large and other tubercles in deep scrobicules, forming 

 a close pavement laterally ; the posterior end of this surface is orna- 

 mented with regularly placed small tubercles ; and the noscelles are 

 distinct but small. There is an internal fasciole and a subanal 

 spectacle-shaped fasciole. 



The species hitherto described are Lovenia eordiformis, Liitk., 



from Guayaquil and the Gulf of California, Lovenia dongata, Gray, 



•-. Australia, and Philippines (Lovenia ftgstrix is probably the 



same as this), and Lot vbearinata, Gray, from China, Japan, 



and the Sandwich Islands. 



A comparison of the details of some beautifully preserved specimens 

 of Echini from the Section at Mordialloc, on the east shore of Port- 

 Phillip Bay, which would have been classified as Hemipatagi, with 

 the diagnostic characters of Lovenia, proves the generic identity. 

 In most specimens which have hitherto been collected, described, 

 and figured, the surface has been exposed to attrition and weathering, 

 and more or less of the fine miliary ornamentation which covers the 

 whole abactinal surface has been removed. In many specimens 

 there is not a trace of it left, and the divisions between the 

 plates have become evident. This fine ornamentation reaches to 

 the ambitus, where it becomes coarser, and gradually enlarges on 

 the actinal surface until the large primaries are reached ; but around 

 the anal opening the ornamentation becomes finer, and the miliaries 

 are smaller and wider apart. The internal fasciole is composed of 

 tubercles of about one sixth the size of the finest miliaries ; and those 

 of the subanal fasciole are quite as small. 



