96 S. V. WOOD, JUN., AND F. W. HARHER ON THE 



seems to be of similar age to the bed in the Yare valley, and of the 

 period of interglacial denudation discussed in this paper. 



A mile and a half to the south-west of this, in the cutting of the 

 Lowestoft branch Railway adjoining the Waveney marshes, a bed of 

 clay occurs under a considerable thickness of Middle Glacial sand and 

 gravel; but it is too much obscured for us to say whether it is the same 

 bed as that at the bottom of Oulton cutting, or whether it be the 

 Contorted Drift, or even the Kessingland nuviatile bed. 



The lower part of the valley, where, instead of falling into the 

 Sea at Lowestoft, it turns suddenly to the north-west to join the 

 Tare, is distinctly excavated in the Lower Glacial beds, which are 

 exposed in many places along the edge of the valley ; and the line 

 of section XVI. shows not only the extent of the interglacial denuda- 

 tion of the Waveney valley, but also the way in which the Middle 

 Glacial is bedded around the least-denuded part of the Contorted 

 Drift that rises through the high ground between the valley and the 

 sea- cliff. 



This prominence of Lower Glacial beds seems to have formed 

 the interglacial parting between the Waveney valley and some 

 other valley which has been destroyed by the waste of the coast line, 

 and the slope of which is now intersected longitudinally by the cliff 

 between Yarmouth and Lowestoft. This lost valley was probably 

 tributary to the nlled-up and now concealed continuation of the in- 

 terglacial trough of the Waveney, to which we shall have presently 

 to refer. 



The features exhibited by line of section No XVI., so far as the 

 Contorted Drift is concerned, are similar to those in sections XX. 

 and XXI. (pp. 104, 105), which illustrate our view as to the way 

 in whinh the valleys of the Deben and Orwell and other valleys of 

 South Suffolk have been interglacially excavated. 



The remnants of the Contorted Drift to which we have referred 

 as exposed between Beccles and the source of the Waveney (where, 

 with the exception of such exposures, the Lower Glacial beds are 

 mostly concealed by the Middle and Upper Glacial) occur at the 

 following places, viz. : — at a brick-kiln one mile E. by N. of Broome 

 church and about three miles from Bungay ; at the Bath Hills opposite 

 Bungay ; at Denton to the south-west of Bungay ; at a pit half a 

 mile N.E. of Starston railway-station ; in several fine sections near 

 Withersdale and Shotford bridge, in the neighbourhood of Harleston ; 

 and at Diss railway- station, where it is contorted, and overlain by 

 the Upper Glacial. The Lower Glacial pebbly sands occur at the 

 base of the Bath Hills beneath the Contorted Drift (which has been 

 denuded to small thickness) ; but the bed of pebbles exposed in a 

 pit within the gardens of Ditchingham House hard by, which is 

 full of molluscan remains, appears from the specific character of 

 such remains to belong to the Crag, though the Chillesford Clay 

 and most of the Crag also has here been denuded in the interval 

 between the Crag and some part of the Glacial period. The peculiar 

 character of the contorted drift everywhere is its variability ; and 

 to this the exposures round Harleston form no exception. 



