LATER TERTIARY GEOLOGY OE EAST ANGLIA. 103 



with the Upper Glacial in addition, be identical in character with that 

 drawn through the Kesgrave and Ipswich protrusions from the valley 

 of the Deben to that of the Orwell, which is given in section XX. 



Speaking of the two outliers of the Contorted Drift at Blaxhall 

 and Kesgrave in the before-mentioned " Introduction," we observed 

 that we thought it most probable that the tablelands dividing the 

 estuaries of East Suffolk from each other, and through w r hich we 

 there gave a line of section (A), were underlain by the Contorted 

 Drift interposed between the Red Crag and the Middle Glacial. 

 With only a knowledge of these two outliers we did not feel justified 

 in actually representing those tablelands as thus underlain, and, 

 subject to such remark, preferred to represent them as occupied by 

 the Middle Glacial only resting upon the Crag. The subsequent 

 discovery, however, of the protrusion at Woodbridge and Hasketon, 

 shown in section XXI., where the Contorted Drift is overlain by the 

 Upper Glacial, and the discovery by Mr. Whitaker of similar protru- 

 sions at Kirton and Trimley, which he communicated to us, leave 

 no doubt on our minds that what we alluded to in our " Introduc- 

 tion " as most probable does in fact exist. 



The section marked P accompanying the map given in the same 

 " Introduction " should in a similar way be corrected by the inser- 

 tion of a remnant of the Contorted Drift between the Crag and the 

 Middle Glacial, where the height of the hill (about Crane Hall), 

 raises the inference that it is similarly underlain to that on the 

 opposite side of the Orwell, which forms section XX. of the present 

 paper. 



The outlier at Woodbridge is evidently of great thickness, from 

 the height which it attains above the Bed-Crag level. It consists 

 of silty ash-coloured brick-earth in some places, and of tougher blue 

 brick-earth in others ; and in one excavation these are contorted 

 together, the whole being capped by varying thicknesses of the 

 Upper Glacial. At Kesgrave the outlier must, from its elevation 

 above the Crag-level, be of equal thickness ; and it consists of both 

 light-coloured silty and tough blue brick-earth in different parts 

 of the excavation, while one of the earlier pits now filled with 

 water is in a mass of impure marl, of which many examples occur 

 in the Cromer cliff. The protrusions at Kirton, Trimley, and 

 Ipswich racecourse are in similar brick-earth ; and there is little 

 doubt that they are all exposures of the thicker and least-denuded 

 portions of one continuous formation, out of which the valleys of the 

 East-Suffolk estuaries were interglacially excavated. The line of 

 section XX. is carried through the Kesgrave exposure, from one 

 of the lateral valleys that open out to the main valley of the Deben 

 to the valley of the Orwell, and is susceptible of verification by 

 the numerous open sections which occur along it. 



If our representation is correct, we have here, as far as regards 

 the Contorted Drift and Middle Glacial, precisely the same kind of 

 section as the North-Norfolk cliff affords ; and a similar section of 

 the same tableland would be afforded by a line carried parallel to, 

 and about eight miles east of No. XX., through the Kirton and 



