A. LEHH ADAMS ON GIGANTIC LAND-TORTOISES ETC. 189 



In the collections made by Captain Luard, K.E., in the Gibraltar 

 caverns are two bones of Chelonians which Mr. Busk has kindly 

 permitted me to inspect. 



The larger is a much mutilated humerus or femur ; which of the 

 two it is difficult to say, from injuries, it having lost the proximal 

 and a portion of the distal extremity. It belonged, however, to a large 

 Chelonian, inasmuch as the remaining length is 130 millimetres, and 

 least girth of the shaft 71 millimetres. A deep circular pit on the 

 anterior and inner aspect of the shaft near the head seems peculiar 

 as compared with the larger recent marine and land species. To 

 which of the two groups it belongs is not evident; but possibly, from 

 the prominent ridges, it may have belonged to the latter. 



The small right radius (Plate YI. tigs. 7, 7«) has lost its distal 

 articular aspect, but is otherwise entire. The surface is remarkably 

 smooth, and without the rugosities of the humerus of the larger 

 Maltese Testudinea. 



The above is clearly the radius of a land or freshwater tortoise of 

 larger dimensions than any recent European species. 



The humeral aspect (fig. 7 «) is slightly concave ; but, excepting 

 the dimensions, the specimen does not present other noteworthy 

 peculiarities ; the least girth of its shaft is 28 millimetres. 



The two bones represent species differing very much in size, and 

 are of interest with reference to further discoveries in connexion 

 with the fossil fauna described by Mr. Busk, F.R.S., in a paper read 

 before the Zoological Society of London on May 2, 1876. 



EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 



Plate V. 



Fig. 1. Caudal vertebra of Testudo robusta, natural size. 



Figs. 2, 2 a. Right coracoid of the scapula of T. robusta, natural size. 



Figs. 3, 3 a. Right tibia of T. robusta, natural size. 



Figs. 4, 4 a, 4 b. Proximal third of the left femur of T. robusta, natural 



size. 

 Figs. 5, 6, 7. Phalangeal bones of T. robusta, natural size. 



Plate VI. 



Fig. 1. Left radius of Testudo robusta, natural size. 



Figs. 2, 2 a. Left radius of T. robusta, natural size. 



Figs. 3, 3 a, 3 b. Portion of a left scapula of T. Spratti, natural size. 



Figs. 4, 4 a. Left tibia of T. Spratti, natural size. 



Figs. 5, 5 a, 5 b. Portion of a right femur of Lutremys europ&a ?, natural 



size. 

 Figs. 6, 6 a. Portion of a right humerus of L. europaa ?, natural size. 

 Figs. 7, 7 a. Right radius of a Tortoise from the rock-cavities of Gibraltar, 



natural size. 



Discussion. 



Prof. Ramsay inquired what was the probable geological age of 

 these remains, as this seemed to him a point of much interest. 

 The Author stated that his paper was purely palaeontological, 



