604 W. BOYD DAWKINS ON THE MAMMAL-FAUNA 



2. Two bone awls (fig. 5) fashioned out of the tibiae of a Hare, 

 and polished by long-continued use. 



3. A broad spatulate fragment (fig. 6) of the distal portion of the 

 transverse process of one of the lumbar vertebras either of a Horse or 

 large ruminant, rounded at the end and with its edges notched. It 

 closely resembles the " bone knife-like implement notched and 

 scored " from the Grotte de la Gorge d'Enfer, figured in the ' Re- 

 liquiae Aquitanicae ' (B, pi. xxv. fig. 2, pp. 183 et seq.). In our 

 specimen, however, the notches are deeper and wider apart. 



4. Two carefully rounded rods made of antler, with one of their 

 extremities traversed by a deep lateral groove (fig. 7), and the other 

 broken short off, may have been spear-heads, in which case the groove 

 would be for the reception of the tapering end of the shaft. They 

 are of the same form as the basal portions of those from the cave of 

 the Kesslerloch, considered by Dr. Merk to be spear-heads {op. cit. 

 figs. 16, 20, 26). A third cylinder of antler, rounded like the above, 

 resembles the one from Cro-Magnon, figured in the ' Reliquiae Aqui- 

 tanicae ' (B, pi. xii.). 



3. Articles of Flint and Quartzite. — Among the stone implements 

 the only two forms worthy of notice are those presented by three 

 flakes, two of which have one of their edges straight, sharp, and un- 

 worn, while the other is worn to a curve (fig. 8). This is doubtless 

 due, as Mr. Evans has suggested in his ' Ancient Stone Implements,' 

 to the sharp edge having been imbedded in a handle of some perish- 

 able material, either wood, like some of the flakes from the neolithic 

 pile-dwellings of Switzerland, or horn, which would speedily be 

 destroyed (see dotted outline in fig. 8). The second form is that of 

 an awl, consisting of a flake with the end chipped to a point and 

 well worn by friction. 



The following list represents the distribution of the palaeolithic 

 implements in the cave : — 



Distribution of Traces of Palceolitliic Man in Church-Hole Cave, 1876. 



Ked Sand. Cave-earth. 



Bone needle (fig.4 ) . . 1 



Bone awl (fig. 5) . . 2 



Notched lamina of bone (fig. 6) . . . . L 



Bounded spear-head ? . . 2 



Rod of antler (fig. 7) . . 1 



Flint flakes 70 



Flint awls . . 2 



Simple scraper . . 1 



Flakes worn to bevelled edge .... . . 2 



Splinters . . 62 



Quartzite round stones 20 53 



,, choppers 1 4 



,, flakes . . 3 



,, chips 3 9 



24 213 



