616 



EDWARD HULL ON THE CLASSIFICATION 



>*1 



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Name of Formation. 



/Stage E. Gannister Beds (Phillips), or Lower 



Coal-measures. — Flagstones, shales, and 



thin coals, with hard siliceous floors 



(Gannister). 



Fossils (marine). — Fish, similar to those above 



(migratory) ; Molluscs, Goniatites, Discites, 



Orthoceras, Posidonia, Monotis, Aviculopec- 



ten>, Anthracosia, Lingula, &c. 



StageD. Millstone- Grit Series. — Coarse grits, 

 flagstones, and shales, with a few thin 

 coal-seams. 



Fossils (marine).— Similar to those of the 

 Lower Coal-measures. 



Stage C. Yorcdale Series. — Shales and grits, 



passing downwards into dark shales and 



earthy limestones. 



Fossils (marine). — Including Goniatites, Avi- 



culopecten, Ctenodonta, Chonetes, Discina, 



Posidonomya, Product us, &c. 



( Stage B. Carboniferous Limestone. — Massive 

 limestone, passing northwards into se- 

 veral beds, with intervening shales and 

 grits. 

 Fossils. — Fish, Crustacea, Molluscs, Crinoids, 

 Corals, &c. ; all marine species. 



Stage A. Lower Limestone Shale and Calcife- 

 rous Sandstone. — Dark shales in some 

 places ; grits, conglomerates, and red sand- 

 stones and shales in the northern districts. 



Fossils (marine). — Spirifera cuspidata, Rhyn- 



\ chonella pleurodon, &c. 

 t-i , 



-j§ £ ( Basis. Upper Old Bed Sandstone. — Yellow 



£ ^ J sandstones and conglomerates. 



"g W ] Fossils (freshwater ?). — Not well represented 



£ \ in England. 



Localities. 



South Lancashire, N. 

 Staffordshire, N. 



Wales and S. Wales. 



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pj 



c£ 



72 



H 



Uplands of Yorkshire, 

 Lancashire, and Der- 

 byshire; N. Stafford- 

 shire and N. and S. 

 Wales, &c. 



Uplands and valleys of 

 Lancashire, York- 

 shire, Derbyshire, N. 

 Staffordshire, Wales, 

 &c. 



Wales,N.&S., Derbyshire, 

 Yorkshire, Cumber- 

 land; in Scotland, 

 the Lower or Main 

 Limestone. 



South Wales, Northum- 

 berland, and Durham; 

 in Scotland " Calci- 

 ferous Sandstone 

 Series." 



S. Wales, Northum- 

 berland ; Scotland 

 (Dura Den); Ireland 

 (Kiltorcan). 



Thus, taking the lacustrine formation of the Upper Old Red 

 Sandstone as the basis for the succeeding Carboniferous system, we 

 ascend through a vast series of essentially marine strata with oceanic 

 beds, until we reach the top of the Gannister stage, where a change 

 occurs in the character of the fossil forms, and the marine molluscs 

 give place to those of freshwater or estuarine characters. I hope to 

 be able to show that this change is coextensive with the British 

 Isles and at least the neighbouring European Carboniferous dis- 

 tricts. 



Paet II. 



Ikish Carboniferous Districts. 

 A. Southern Coal-districts. 



We now come to the consideration of the Carboniferous series of 

 Ireland, taking the districts in the order indicated above. 



