AFFINITIES OF THE GENUS SIPHONTA. 793 



1821. Lamouroux, J. ' Exposition me'thodique des genres de 

 l'ordre des Polypiers (des Zoophytes, Ellis et Solander),' pp. 72 

 and 79, tab. 78. figs. 1, 2, 3. 



Lamouroux describes certain Siphonian forms (S. Websteri, Sow., 

 S. piriformis, Goldf. (?), S. costata, Lamx.) under his two genera 

 Jerea arid ffallirhoa, differentiating the latter from the former on 

 the ground that it possesses a central cloaca, which Jerea does not. 

 Jlallirlioa is made to include two species, H. lycoperdoides (tab. 

 78, fig. 2), a smooth form, possibly corresponding to Goldfuss's 

 Siphonia piriformis, and H. costata (tab. 78. fig. 1), distinguished 

 by its longitudinal ribs. The ribs are said to vary in number and 

 size, and to be of merely specific importance ; their elevation to the 

 rank of a generic character was a mistake of subsequent writers. 

 Jerea is represented by but one species, J. pyriformis, probably 

 identical with S. Websteri. 



Lamouroux refers both Jerea and Hallirlwa to the last of his 

 three divisions of the Polypiers ; but he does not include them in 

 the same order ; on the contrary, while Hallirlwa goes into the 

 eighteenth order, or iUcyonees, Jerea is placed, along with Montli- 

 valtia, Chenendopora, &c, in the twentieth order, or Actinaires. 



1822. Mantell. ' Fossils of the South Downs,' p. 178, tab. xv. 

 fig. 2 ; tab. xvi. figs. 19, 20, 21. 



The genus Choanites, of Mantell, which is in this place very 

 vaguely defined by him, professes to be founded on Alcyonium ficus, 

 Linn., as a type, and consequently embraces several of the 

 Alcyonites referred by Parkinson to the same alliance. The forms 

 specially claimed by Mantell are represented on pi. ix. figs. 1, 3, 4, 

 6(?), 8, pi. xi. fig. 8, of Parkinson's ' Organic Remains.' 



Two species of the genus are described and figured : one, Choanites 

 subrotundus (tab. xv. f. 2.), from the Upper Chalk of Lewes, is a true 

 Myliusian, or lantern -jointed Hexactinellid, previously and correctly 

 described by Toulmin Smith as Cephalites subrotundus ; the other 

 form, from the chalk flints of Lewes, appears to be a large conical 

 Siphonia without a stem, and is named Choanites Konigii (tab. xvi. 

 figs. 19, 20, 21). 



An Alcyonium (?) pyriformis is mentioned as occurring at 

 Hamsey, South Bourne, near Beachey Head, in grey Chalk marl. 



1826. Goldfuss. < Petrefacta Germanise,' pp. 16-18, 97, 98, 221 ; 

 pi. vi. figs. 7 to 11 ; pi. xxxv. figs. 10 to 12 ; pi. xlv. figs. 13 

 and 14. 



The Siphonia of Goldfuss is simply Guettard's genus Caricoides 

 under another name, and (since it is made to include Lamouroux's 

 genus Jerea) with a slightly wider definition ; and yet, without any 

 reason being alleged, its authorship is assigned to Parkinson. But 

 that Goldfuss quotes Guettard's memoirs on this subject, I should 

 imagine he had never seen them. 



The genus is classed with the Polypitcs, its polyparium stated to 



