844 



T. BELT ON THE STEPPES OF SOUTHERN RUSSIA. 



Fig. 1. — Section % mile W. of Mole, Taganrog. (Scale 50 ft. to 



1 inch.) 



Black Earth p 



f 



Diluvium 



Fluviatile beds 



Bai'matic or 

 beds 



s^ : 



^i^g 



4 feet. Black 6oil. 



40 feet. Yellowish brown, rather Bandy, unstratifleci 

 clay with vertical joints and calcareous concretions. 



10 feet. Sand with seams of reddish clay, irregularly 

 stratified and very variable in thickness. 



30 feet. Stiff bluish-brown clay, jointed vertically, 

 unstratified, excepting near the base, where it be- 

 comes sandy, and merges into the fluviatile beds. 



14 feet. Stratified Bands and sandy silt, with much 

 false stratification. Freshwater shells abundant. 



10 feet. Shell limestone. 

 Sea-level. 



Fig. 2. — Section 2| miles N.W. of Mole, Taganrog. (Scale 50 ft. 



to 1 inch.) 



Black earth 



Diluvium 



W! 



Fluviatile beds |'-*~%T 



Sarmatic orPassage- ?'■ ; j r"-rp 



beds. 



5 feet. Black soil. 



SO feet. Stiff yellowish-brown clay, unstratified and 

 only slightly calcareous. Used for brick-making. 



10 feet. Sand with some seams of clay. 



40 feet. Stiff dark-coloured unstratified clay, gradua- 

 ting downwards into a very calcareous brown clay, 

 and at the base slightly sandy and a little strati 

 fled. Freshwater shells in lower part. 



15 feet. Alternations of sand and silt, the sand often 

 false-bedded. Pebbles at base. Freshwater shells 

 throughout. 



10 feet. Shell limestone. 



Sea-level. 



Fluviatile Beds. — Besting on the denuded upper surface of the 

 limestones is a series of stratified sands and silts. The lowest bed 

 is partly formed of broken pieces of the underlying limestone, and 

 also contains pebbles of quartz, flint, and sandstone, amongst which 

 are rolled shells of Paludina and Cyclas. Above this are strata of 



