BIRDS OF NEW YORK 413 



and tendrils, giving the interior a decidedly ruddy appearance. It is 

 characteristic of the Cerulean's nest to be more or less decorated on the 

 outside with a sort of whitish lichen and I have never found a nest that 

 did not have this ornamentation. Other materials are also used, as duck 

 down, small feathers, feathers of the Cerulean itself, horse hair, dead wood, 

 pieces of moss and spider cells. Nestbuilding begins about May 22. Full 

 sets are found as early as May 28, but the usual date for complete sets 

 is June 4 to 6. The eggs in this locality are usually 4 in number, sometimes 

 5." They are pale bluish white or greenish in ground color, speckled 

 quite uniformly with reddish brown and lilac. In size they average .69 

 by .52 inches. 



Dendroica pensylvanica (Linnaeus) 

 CJicstn uf -sided Wa rhler 



Plate 96 



Motacilla pensylvanica Linnaeus. Syst. Nat. Ed. 12. 1766. 1:333 

 Sylvicola i c t e r o c e p h a 1 a DcKay. Zool. N. Y. 1844. pt 2, p. 102, fig. 134 

 Dendroica pensylvanica A. O. U. Check List. Ed. 3. lyio. p. 314. No. 659 



pensylvanica, of Pennsylvania 



Description. Croivn plain yellow; sides of the head and neck and 

 under parts pure white; black patch in front of the eye sending a black 

 line back above the eye bordering the yellow crown and another down 

 the side of the throat bordering the white cheek patch; broad streaks of 

 chestnut run from the sides of the throat entirely down both sides; back 

 streaked with pale yellow or yellowish white and black; wing bars usually 

 fused into a large ivhite wing patch. Adult female: Similar but colors 

 less distinct; loral spot usually wanting, and the chestnut streaks thin or 

 obscure. Fall plumage, inale: Greenish yellow above obscurely streaked with 

 black; side of the head gray; sides, wings and tail as in the spring. Female 

 in the fall, and young: Similar to the adult male in fall plumage, but the 

 back greenish and less distinctly streaked and the chestnut on the sides 

 obscure or wanting. 



Length 5.14 inches; extent 7.8-8.1 ; wing 2.45; tail 2; tarsus .72; bill .35. 



Distribution. Breeds from Saskatchewan and southern Manitoba, 

 central Ontario and Newfoundland to Rhode Island, New Jersey, northern 

 Ohio, Illinois and eastern Nebraska, and southward in the mountains to 

 Tennessee and South Carolina. In New York this species is a common 



