174 Journal of the F.M.S. Museums. Mors aval: 
a-e. 4 6,1 ?. Telok Wau, Terutau. zoth=28th 
December 1916. [Nos. 3675, 3697, 3700, 
3720, 3778.] 
‘Tris chestnut, bill black, feet slate.” 
Extremely common in the north of the Peninsula, largely 
replacing P. analis, which however also occurs; rare and 
sporadic in the south. 
86. PycnonoTus pLuMmosus, Blyth. 
Sharpe, tom. cit. p. 152; Robinson and Kloss, p. 58. 
a-e. West side, Pulau Telibun. 1-3rd. January 
1917. [Nos. 3802, 3828, g.] 
“Iris chocolate, reddish or dark red, bill black, feet 
pinkish brown.” 
This is the only one of this group of the genus about 
which no difficulty arises in identification. Colouration is on 
the whole very constant, though freshly moulted specimens are 
darker above than others. Tail and wings always strongly 
washed with olive green and the ear-coverts with pale shaft 
stripes. 
87. PYCNONOTUS SIMPLEX (Less.). 
Sharpe, tom. cit. p. 153: Robinson and Kloss, p. 58; 
Richmond, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 26, p. 506 (1903). 
Pycnonotus sp. (?) Richmond loc. cit. p. 506. 
Pycnonotus olivaceus chloeodis, Oberholser, Smithsonian 
Misc. Coll. vol. 60, p. 11 (1912). 
a-c. 3°. Telok Wau, Terutau. 20-29th Decem- 
ber 1916. [Nos. 3677, 3732, 3794-] 
“Tris Indian red, bill dark horn, feet pinkish yellow- 
horn.” 
I have compared these and numerous other Malayan birds 
with three specimens from the West Coast of Sumatra which 
can be regarded us typical of P. simplex (Less.) and also of 
P. olivaceus chloeodis, Oberholser, and can detect no material 
differences, certainly none that would warrant even subspecific 
distinction. 
The wings of three Sumatran birds are 76, 77, 82, while 
nine Malayan birds average 81 mm. The Sumatran bird 
cannot therefore be said to be “larger.” 
The colour of the irides, relied on by Richmond for 
separation of species, is quite unreliable. Two Sumatran birds 
recorded by myself have them ‘‘ white” and a third by Jacob- 
son “light orange,’ while the Terutau birds had them as noted 
above ‘Indian Red,” but they are undoubtedly all the same 
form. 
In any event the Sumatran bird, if distinct, must be called 
P. simplex sumplex (Less.) while the Malayan bird (type from 
Malacca compared) will be P. stmplex brunneus (Blyth), Journ. 
Asiat. Soc. Bengal xiv, p. 568 (1842). 
