﻿CHALCIDOID 
  PARASITES 
  OF 
  PSYLLIDS. 
  53 
  

  

  Thorax. 
  Pronotum 
  completely 
  margined 
  ; 
  parapsidal 
  furrows 
  distinct 
  anteriorly 
  

   and 
  traceable 
  backwards 
  to 
  nearly 
  one-half 
  ; 
  general 
  surface 
  shining, 
  but 
  evenly 
  

   reticulate, 
  most 
  raised 
  on 
  mid 
  lobe. 
  Propodeon 
  (fig. 
  5, 
  d) 
  with 
  spiracle 
  small, 
  oval 
  ; 
  

   lateral 
  fold 
  distinct, 
  nucha 
  short 
  and 
  shining 
  ; 
  entire 
  surface 
  reticulate, 
  but 
  raised 
  

   and 
  a 
  little 
  dull, 
  broadly, 
  in 
  the 
  middle 
  ; 
  the 
  sides, 
  though 
  reticulate, 
  are 
  smooth 
  and 
  

   shining. 
  Petiole 
  short 
  and 
  rather 
  deep, 
  about 
  half 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  propodeon 
  

   (fig. 
  5, 
  d'). 
  

  

  Wings. 
  Fore 
  wings 
  (fig. 
  5, 
  c), 
  length, 
  0-83 
  mm., 
  two 
  and 
  a 
  quarter 
  times 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  

   broad 
  ; 
  submarginal, 
  marginal 
  radius 
  and 
  postmarginal 
  approximately 
  14:5:5:8; 
  the 
  

   radius 
  more 
  exactly 
  is 
  about 
  one-tenth 
  longer 
  than 
  the 
  marginal, 
  the 
  latter 
  being 
  

   much 
  thickened 
  and 
  varying 
  from 
  five 
  (at 
  the 
  junction 
  with 
  the 
  submarginal) 
  to 
  four 
  

   and 
  a 
  half 
  (at 
  the 
  origin 
  of 
  the 
  radius) 
  times 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  broad 
  ; 
  the 
  radial 
  knob 
  is 
  

   narrower 
  than 
  the 
  marginal, 
  and 
  near 
  its 
  origin 
  the 
  vein 
  itself 
  attains 
  to 
  only 
  one- 
  

   third 
  of 
  the 
  greatest 
  width 
  of 
  the 
  marginal. 
  Chaetotaxy 
  : 
  submarginal 
  with 
  9-10 
  

   bristles, 
  6-7 
  (stouter) 
  at 
  the 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  marginal, 
  and 
  about 
  a 
  dozen 
  fringing 
  the 
  

   postmarginal 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  broad 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  marginal 
  are 
  about 
  25 
  bristles 
  in 
  roughly 
  

   three 
  rows 
  ; 
  6-7 
  on 
  the 
  radius 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  postmarginal 
  (apart 
  from 
  the 
  fringing 
  bristles) 
  

   there 
  are 
  about 
  30 
  more 
  in 
  two 
  irregular 
  rows. 
  The 
  fringe 
  is 
  short 
  and 
  the 
  distal 
  

   ciliation 
  not 
  very 
  dense 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  distal 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  subcostal 
  cell 
  are 
  9-10 
  short 
  bristles 
  

   near 
  the 
  edge 
  ventrally. 
  Hind 
  wings, 
  length, 
  0-66 
  mm. 
  

  

  Legs. 
  Fore 
  legs, 
  coxa 
  (7 
  : 
  4) 
  with 
  coarse 
  raised 
  reticulation 
  on 
  outer 
  aspect, 
  

   half 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  trochanter 
  and 
  femur 
  combined 
  ; 
  femur 
  (30 
  : 
  7) 
  just 
  longer 
  (18 
  : 
  17) 
  

   than 
  the 
  tibia 
  (6 
  : 
  1), 
  which 
  is 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  tarsus 
  excluding 
  the 
  ungues 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  

   tibia 
  the 
  spur 
  is 
  at 
  one-seventh 
  from 
  the 
  apex, 
  with 
  three 
  spines 
  between 
  it 
  and 
  the 
  

   lower 
  ventral 
  angle, 
  two 
  more 
  on 
  outer 
  lateral 
  aspect 
  apically 
  and 
  two 
  on 
  inner 
  

   face 
  subapically 
  ; 
  comb 
  of 
  first 
  tarsal 
  joint 
  with 
  10 
  spines 
  ; 
  tarsus 
  24, 
  16, 
  13, 
  11, 
  20. 
  

   Mid 
  legs, 
  tibia 
  (11:1) 
  about 
  one-fourth 
  longer 
  than 
  femur 
  (11:2); 
  tarsus 
  27, 
  21, 
  

   17, 
  13, 
  22. 
  Hind 
  legs, 
  femur 
  (21 
  : 
  5) 
  shorter 
  (7 
  : 
  8) 
  than 
  tibia 
  (8 
  : 
  1) 
  ; 
  apical 
  comb 
  

   of 
  tibia 
  with 
  10 
  spines, 
  spur 
  two-thirds 
  of 
  first 
  tarsal 
  joint 
  ; 
  tarsus 
  30, 
  24, 
  18, 
  15, 
  24. 
  

  

  Abdomen. 
  Smooth, 
  shining, 
  nearly 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  head 
  and 
  thorax 
  together 
  ; 
  post- 
  

   petiolar 
  segment 
  occupying 
  rather 
  less 
  than 
  one-third 
  of 
  the 
  length, 
  ovipositor 
  hardly 
  

   at 
  all 
  projecting. 
  The 
  petiole 
  (fig. 
  5, 
  d') 
  is 
  very 
  short. 
  

  

  Length, 
  0-75 
  mm. 
  ; 
  alar 
  expanse, 
  1-8 
  mm. 
  

  

  Type 
  $ 
  in 
  the 
  British 
  Museum. 
  

  

  From 
  Rhinocola 
  populi, 
  Laing, 
  attacking 
  Popidus 
  euphraticus. 
  

  

  Mesopotamia: 
  Baghdad, 
  Beled 
  Ruz, 
  16. 
  vi. 
  1920 
  ( 
  Y. 
  Ramachandra 
  Rao). 
  

  

  Family 
  Eulophidae, 
  Westw. 
  

  

  Genus 
  Tetrastichus, 
  Hal. 
  

  

  Tetrastichns, 
  Haliday, 
  Trans, 
  Ent. 
  Soc. 
  Lond., 
  iii, 
  p. 
  297, 
  1843. 
  

   Genotype, 
  T. 
  (Cirrospilus) 
  Attains, 
  Wlk. 
  

  

  Tetrastichus 
  obscuratus, 
  And. 
  

  

  T. 
  obscuratus, 
  Ed. 
  Andre, 
  Ann. 
  Soc. 
  Ent. 
  France, 
  (5) 
  viii, 
  p. 
  83, 
  26. 
  vi. 
  1878. 
  

  

  France 
  : 
  Cote-d'or. 
  

  

  From 
  galls 
  of 
  Trioza 
  centranthi, 
  Vallot, 
  on 
  Centranthas 
  angustifolius 
  , 
  D.C. 
  

  

  Commenting 
  on 
  the 
  finding 
  of 
  this 
  Tetrastichus, 
  Andre 
  remarks 
  : 
  " 
  Le 
  parasitisme 
  

   est 
  done 
  incontestable, 
  et 
  de 
  plus 
  il 
  se 
  produit 
  exterieurement 
  au 
  moins 
  en 
  partie, 
  

   puisque 
  la 
  nymphe 
  n'est 
  pas 
  contenue 
  dans 
  l'insecte 
  devore." 
  

  

  