﻿IMPERIAL 
  BUREAU 
  OF 
  ENTOMOLOGY. 
  

  

  BULLETIN 
  

  

  OF 
  

  

  ENTOMOLOGICAL 
  RESEARCH. 
  

  

  Vol. 
  XIII. 
  1922. 
  

  

  SOME 
  PROBLEMS 
  OF 
  THE 
  BREEDING-PLACES 
  OF 
  THE 
  ANOPHELINES 
  

   OF 
  MALAYA 
  : 
  A 
  CONTRIBUTION 
  TOWARDS 
  THEIR 
  SOLUTION. 
  

  

  By 
  W. 
  A. 
  Lamborx, 
  

   Malaria 
  Bureau, 
  Federated 
  Malay 
  States. 
  

  

  Knowledge 
  of 
  the 
  breeding 
  habits 
  of 
  the 
  Anopheline 
  mosquitos 
  has 
  advanced 
  

   greatly 
  since 
  the 
  days 
  when 
  it 
  was 
  considered 
  that 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  any 
  species 
  were 
  

   distributed 
  indiscriminately 
  in 
  all 
  and 
  sundry 
  collections 
  of 
  stagnant 
  water. 
  In 
  the 
  

   Federated 
  Malay 
  States 
  entomological 
  research, 
  which 
  has 
  now 
  extended 
  over 
  many 
  

   years, 
  tends 
  to 
  show 
  that 
  preferences 
  by 
  the 
  various 
  species 
  for 
  different 
  kinds 
  of 
  

   breeding-places 
  exist 
  ; 
  and 
  attempts 
  have 
  been 
  made 
  to 
  define 
  in 
  relation 
  to 
  particular 
  

   species, 
  or 
  groups 
  of 
  species, 
  the 
  types 
  of 
  breeding- 
  place 
  favoured. 
  

  

  Thus 
  in 
  1904 
  Dr. 
  G. 
  F. 
  Leicester,* 
  who 
  investigated 
  the 
  breeding 
  habits 
  of 
  

   Anophelines 
  at 
  Klang, 
  classified 
  according 
  to 
  breeding 
  habit 
  those 
  he 
  found, 
  as 
  

   follows 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  " 
  (a) 
  in 
  mud-holes, 
  i.e., 
  small 
  holes 
  made 
  by 
  the 
  foot 
  of 
  a 
  heavy 
  animal 
  or 
  a 
  waggon 
  

   rut 
  in 
  a 
  road 
  : 
  Myzomyia 
  rossii 
  [=A. 
  vagus], 
  Cellia 
  kochii 
  ; 
  

  

  (b) 
  in 
  stagnant 
  shallow 
  water 
  supplied 
  by 
  rain 
  and 
  liable 
  to 
  dry 
  up 
  : 
  C. 
  kochii 
  ; 
  

  

  (c) 
  in 
  swamp: 
  M. 
  barbirostris, 
  M. 
  sinensis 
  [—A. 
  hyrcanus], 
  M. 
  umbrosus, 
  

  

  C. 
  kochii 
  ; 
  f 
  

  

  (d) 
  in 
  marshy 
  ground 
  fed 
  by 
  a 
  stream 
  : 
  C. 
  kochii, 
  Nyssorhynchus 
  nivipes 
  \=A. 
  

  

  fuliginosus]." 
  

  

  In 
  1908 
  Dr. 
  C. 
  W. 
  Daniels,^: 
  in 
  a 
  general 
  paper 
  on 
  the 
  breeding 
  habits 
  of 
  Culicidae, 
  

  

  described 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  A. 
  ailkeni 
  (treacheri) 
  and 
  A. 
  maculatus 
  (willmori) 
  as 
  occurring 
  

  

  in 
  rapid 
  streams 
  ; 
  A. 
  rossi 
  as 
  breeding 
  in 
  water 
  much 
  fouled 
  with 
  mud 
  or 
  fine 
  silt 
  ; 
  

  

  and 
  A. 
  barbirostris, 
  A. 
  aconitus 
  (albirostris) 
  and 
  A. 
  kochi 
  as 
  breeding 
  in 
  open 
  country. 
  

  

  Dr. 
  Malcolm 
  Watson, 
  discussing 
  in 
  1911 
  the 
  breeding-places 
  of 
  Anophelines, 
  made 
  

   numerous 
  observations 
  bearing 
  on 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  Anopheline 
  larvae. 
  § 
  He 
  

   pointed 
  out 
  (p. 
  116) 
  thai 
  " 
  N. 
  willmori 
  appears 
  to 
  prefer 
  running 
  water. 
  There 
  may- 
  

   be 
  weeds 
  but 
  they 
  must 
  not 
  too 
  seriously 
  interfere 
  with 
  the, 
  free 
  current 
  of 
  water. 
  

  

  * 
  "The 
  Culicidae 
  of 
  Malaya," 
  Studies 
  from 
  the 
  Institute 
  of 
  Medical 
  Research, 
  Kuala 
  

   Lampur, 
  lii, 
  pt. 
  3, 
  p. 
  10, 
  1908. 
  

  

  f 
  Throughout 
  this 
  paper 
  the 
  new 
  nomenclature 
  for 
  certain 
  spacies 
  has 
  bscn 
  followed, 
  the 
  

   species 
  formerly 
  termed 
  A. 
  rossi 
  var. 
  indefinitus 
  being 
  callcl 
  A. 
  vagus; 
  the 
  Malayan 
  form 
  of 
  

   A. 
  rossi, 
  Giles, 
  becomes 
  A. 
  subpictus 
  var. 
  malayensis 
  ; 
  and 
  A. 
  sinensis 
  becomes 
  A. 
  hyrcanus. 
  

  

  % 
  "The 
  Breeding 
  Habits 
  of 
  Culicidae," 
  Studies 
  from 
  the 
  Institute 
  of 
  Medical 
  Research, 
  Kuala 
  

   Lampur, 
  iii, 
  pt. 
  3, 
  p. 
  3, 
  1908. 
  

  

  § 
  The 
  Prevention 
  of 
  Malaria 
  in 
  the 
  F.M.S., 
  1911. 
  

  

  (6160) 
  Wt. 
  P.6/200 
  1,000 
  & 
  50 
  5/22 
  Harrow 
  G.75 
  A 
  

  

  