﻿146 
  W. 
  A. 
  LAMBORN. 
  

  

  Times 
  of 
  Emergence. 
  

  

  This 
  also 
  commonly 
  took 
  place 
  during 
  the 
  night, 
  usually 
  before 
  11 
  p.m., 
  but 
  

   occasionally 
  just 
  before 
  dusk, 
  as 
  is 
  usual 
  with 
  other 
  night-flying 
  insects, 
  the 
  

   Anophelines 
  being 
  on 
  the 
  wing 
  within 
  two 
  hours 
  after 
  emergence. 
  But 
  exceptions 
  

   to 
  the 
  rule 
  were 
  noted. 
  Thus, 
  out 
  of 
  a 
  total 
  of 
  1,093 
  pupae, 
  comprising 
  various 
  

   families 
  of 
  A 
  . 
  vagus, 
  only 
  9 
  imagos 
  emerged 
  during 
  daylight 
  ; 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  a 
  small 
  

   family 
  represented 
  by 
  3 
  males 
  and 
  4 
  females, 
  coming 
  out 
  during 
  the 
  morning 
  at 
  

   11.50. 
  This 
  was 
  not 
  correlated 
  with 
  day 
  pupation. 
  A 
  female 
  A. 
  subpictus 
  var. 
  

   malayensis 
  was 
  recorded 
  as 
  emerging 
  at 
  4 
  p.m., 
  the 
  only 
  instance 
  in 
  daylight 
  out 
  of 
  

   373. 
  A 
  single 
  A. 
  ludlowi, 
  again, 
  out 
  of 
  113 
  was 
  noted 
  as 
  emerging 
  at 
  10 
  a.m. 
  A 
  single 
  

   A. 
  karwari, 
  out 
  of 
  93, 
  came 
  out 
  at 
  11 
  a.m. 
  Of 
  A. 
  maculatus, 
  16 
  out 
  of 
  701 
  came 
  out 
  

   between 
  8 
  a.m. 
  and 
  4 
  p.m. 
  Out 
  of 
  346 
  pupae 
  of 
  A. 
  hyrcanus, 
  1 
  only 
  was 
  noted 
  as 
  

   coming 
  out 
  in 
  the 
  day 
  time, 
  at 
  11 
  a.m., 
  and 
  1 
  imago 
  emerged 
  in 
  the 
  afternoon 
  from 
  

   184 
  pupae 
  kept 
  under 
  observation. 
  Of 
  A. 
  barbirostris, 
  8 
  imagos 
  only 
  out 
  of 
  377 
  

   came 
  out 
  in 
  the 
  day 
  time 
  ; 
  of 
  1 
  1 
  1 
  pupae 
  of 
  A 
  . 
  fuliginosus, 
  all 
  emergences 
  took 
  place 
  

   at 
  night, 
  so 
  also 
  with 
  206 
  pupae 
  of 
  A. 
  kochi. 
  In 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  A. 
  aconitus 
  235 
  pupae 
  

   afforded 
  1 
  imago 
  only 
  by 
  day 
  ; 
  and 
  out 
  of 
  294 
  pupae 
  of 
  A. 
  tessellatus 
  5 
  only 
  came 
  

   out 
  by 
  day. 
  

  

  The 
  data 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  looked 
  on 
  as 
  entirely 
  accurate, 
  for 
  a 
  very 
  careful 
  examination 
  

   was 
  invariably 
  made 
  of 
  all 
  pupae 
  before 
  the 
  laboratory 
  was 
  shut 
  at 
  the 
  close 
  of 
  the 
  

   day's 
  work. 
  

  

  Proportions 
  of 
  Sexes 
  in 
  Bred 
  Families. 
  

  

  Of 
  A 
  . 
  vagus 
  49 
  families, 
  some 
  consisting 
  of 
  only 
  2 
  or 
  3 
  imagos, 
  others 
  of 
  as 
  many 
  as 
  

   130, 
  afforded 
  998 
  imagos, 
  among 
  which 
  the 
  sexes 
  were 
  represented 
  in 
  almost 
  equal 
  

   proportions— 
  497 
  males 
  and 
  501 
  females. 
  In 
  no 
  single 
  family 
  was 
  there 
  marked 
  

   inequality 
  of 
  the 
  sexes. 
  Twelve 
  families 
  of 
  A 
  . 
  subpictus 
  var. 
  malayensis 
  afforded 
  393 
  

   imagos 
  (194 
  males 
  and 
  199 
  females), 
  the 
  sexes 
  being 
  again 
  almost 
  equally 
  represented 
  

   in 
  each 
  family. 
  Five 
  families 
  of 
  A. 
  ludlowi 
  afforded 
  125 
  imagos 
  (56 
  males 
  and 
  69 
  

   females) 
  ; 
  18 
  families 
  of 
  A. 
  aconitus, 
  a 
  species 
  difficult 
  to 
  breed, 
  consisted 
  of 
  105 
  males 
  

   and 
  124 
  females 
  ; 
  23 
  families 
  of 
  A. 
  maculatus 
  afforded 
  697 
  imagos 
  (354 
  males 
  and 
  343 
  

   females) 
  ; 
  6 
  families 
  of 
  A. 
  karwari 
  afforded 
  93 
  imagos 
  (41 
  males 
  and 
  52 
  females) 
  i 
  

   i\ 
  families 
  of 
  A. 
  hyrcanus 
  gave 
  a 
  total 
  of 
  339 
  imagos 
  (172 
  males 
  and 
  167 
  females) 
  ; 
  

   6 
  families 
  of 
  A. 
  hyrcanus 
  var. 
  paeditaeniatus 
  gave 
  a 
  total 
  of 
  184 
  imagos 
  (91 
  males 
  

   and 
  93 
  females), 
  all 
  true 
  to 
  parent 
  ; 
  15 
  families 
  of 
  A. 
  barbirostris 
  afforded 
  394 
  images 
  

   (199 
  males 
  and 
  195 
  females) 
  ; 
  6 
  families 
  of 
  A. 
  fuliginosus 
  afforded 
  111 
  imagos 
  

   (62 
  males 
  and 
  49 
  females) 
  ; 
  and 
  9 
  families 
  of 
  A 
  . 
  kochi 
  afforded 
  205 
  imagos 
  (93 
  males 
  

   and 
  112 
  females). 
  There 
  was 
  thus 
  very 
  nearly 
  equality 
  of 
  the 
  sexes 
  in 
  the 
  families 
  

   of 
  all 
  the 
  species 
  studied. 
  

  

  House-frequenting 
  Species. 
  

  

  Systematic 
  captures 
  of 
  Anophelines 
  were 
  made 
  at 
  intervals, 
  latterly 
  twice 
  weekly, 
  

   throughout 
  the 
  year 
  in 
  different 
  quarters 
  of 
  Kuala 
  Lumpur 
  — 
  in 
  native 
  houses 
  and 
  

   cattle-sheds 
  in 
  the 
  Malay 
  kampong 
  (village) 
  near 
  the 
  town 
  ; 
  in 
  certain 
  coolie 
  

   lines 
  at 
  some 
  distance 
  from 
  the 
  town 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  servants' 
  quarters 
  attached 
  to 
  the 
  house 
  

   of 
  a 
  European 
  in 
  a 
  residential 
  suburb. 
  The 
  data 
  are 
  of 
  interest 
  as 
  showing 
  what 
  are 
  

   now 
  the 
  common 
  house-frequenting 
  species, 
  and 
  their 
  proportions, 
  a 
  point 
  of 
  con- 
  

   siderable 
  importance, 
  since 
  some 
  may 
  be 
  presumed 
  to 
  favour, 
  as 
  elsewhere, 
  other 
  

   hosts 
  than 
  man. 
  They 
  show 
  also 
  the 
  proportion 
  of 
  the 
  sexes, 
  and 
  afford 
  further 
  

   evidence 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  success 
  of 
  the 
  campaign 
  largely 
  directed 
  against 
  the 
  notorious 
  

   A. 
  maculatus, 
  as 
  a 
  result 
  of 
  which 
  its 
  numbers 
  are 
  now 
  so 
  few 
  as 
  to 
  be 
  almost 
  negligible. 
  

   With 
  a 
  view 
  to 
  adding 
  to 
  the 
  value 
  of 
  the 
  data 
  a 
  record 
  was 
  kept 
  of 
  the 
  actual 
  numbers 
  

   of 
  such 
  female 
  Anophelines 
  as 
  had 
  made 
  a 
  recent 
  meal 
  of 
  blood, 
  or 
  had 
  obtained 
  one 
  

   at 
  no 
  very 
  recent 
  date, 
  as 
  could 
  be 
  determined 
  by 
  inspection 
  of 
  the 
  abdomen. 
  Such 
  

   a 
  record 
  is, 
  of 
  course, 
  open 
  to 
  the 
  objections 
  that 
  no 
  positive 
  evidence 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  source 
  

   of 
  the 
  meal 
  is 
  presented 
  (though 
  when 
  the 
  replete 
  Anophelines 
  were 
  taken 
  in 
  houses 
  

  

  