﻿RICE 
  GRASSHOPPERS 
  OF 
  GENUS 
  HIEROGLYPHUS 
  AND 
  THEIR 
  NEAREST 
  ALLIES. 
  227 
  

  

  The 
  genus 
  is 
  somewhat 
  aberrant 
  from 
  the 
  two 
  others 
  owing 
  to 
  its 
  pronotum 
  

   being 
  distinctly 
  compressed 
  laterally 
  and 
  flattened 
  above, 
  which 
  makes 
  its 
  transverse 
  

   section 
  not 
  circular, 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  two 
  other 
  genera, 
  but 
  almost 
  quadrangular, 
  though 
  

   there 
  are 
  no 
  lateral 
  keels 
  and 
  the 
  upper 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  pronotum 
  forms 
  widely 
  rounded 
  

   angles 
  with 
  the 
  lateral 
  lobes. 
  

  

  Only 
  two 
  species 
  are 
  known 
  in 
  this 
  genus, 
  but 
  one 
  of 
  them, 
  having 
  been 
  described 
  

   from 
  a 
  single 
  female, 
  is 
  not 
  easily 
  recognisable, 
  as 
  the 
  best 
  specific 
  characters 
  are 
  

   to 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  male 
  cerci 
  ; 
  as 
  I 
  know 
  this 
  species 
  only 
  from 
  a 
  hitherto 
  undescribed 
  

   male, 
  I 
  cannot 
  be 
  quite 
  sure 
  of 
  its 
  specific 
  determination, 
  but 
  I 
  refrain 
  from 
  describing 
  

   this 
  male 
  as 
  new, 
  until 
  its 
  identity 
  has 
  been 
  definitely 
  cleared 
  up 
  by 
  a 
  study 
  of 
  both 
  

   sexes. 
  There 
  is 
  no 
  doubt 
  that 
  additional 
  undescribed 
  species 
  will 
  be 
  discovered, 
  but 
  

   I 
  should 
  like 
  to 
  warn 
  all 
  future 
  students 
  against 
  describing 
  species 
  from 
  specimens 
  

   of 
  one 
  sex 
  only, 
  and 
  especially 
  from 
  females. 
  

  

  Key 
  to 
  the 
  Species. 
  

  

  1 
  (2). 
  Front 
  in 
  profile 
  straight. 
  Vertical 
  diameter 
  of 
  an 
  eye 
  twice 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  

  

  horizontal 
  one. 
  Male 
  cerci 
  with 
  the 
  first 
  (anterior) 
  lobe 
  as 
  high 
  as 
  the 
  

   middle 
  one. 
  Lateral 
  lobes 
  of 
  the 
  female 
  subgenital 
  plate 
  about 
  half 
  as 
  

   broad 
  as 
  the 
  middle 
  one 
  and 
  reaching 
  beyond 
  its 
  middle. 
  — 
  N. 
  and 
  N.E. 
  

   India 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  LP. 
  bilineatus, 
  I. 
  Bol. 
  

  

  2 
  (1). 
  Front 
  in 
  profile 
  convex. 
  Vertical 
  diameter 
  of 
  an 
  eye 
  less 
  than 
  twice 
  as 
  

  

  long 
  as 
  the 
  horizontal 
  one. 
  (? 
  Male 
  cerci 
  with 
  the 
  anterior 
  lobe 
  much 
  

   shorter 
  than 
  the 
  middle 
  one). 
  — 
  S. 
  India 
  . 
  . 
  2. 
  P. 
  colcmani, 
  I. 
  Bol. 
  

  

  1. 
  Parahieroglyphus 
  bilineatus, 
  I. 
  Bol. 
  (fig. 
  1, 
  D). 
  

  

  1912. 
  Hieroceryx 
  bilineatus, 
  I. 
  Bolivar, 
  Trab. 
  Mus. 
  Madrid, 
  no. 
  6, 
  pp. 
  60, 
  61. 
  

  

  1914. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  bilineatus, 
  Kirby, 
  Fauna 
  Brit. 
  India, 
  Acrid, 
  p. 
  202. 
  

  

  1916. 
  Parahicroglyphus 
  bilineatus, 
  Carl, 
  Revue 
  Suisse 
  Zool., 
  xxiv, 
  no. 
  6, 
  p. 
  483, 
  

   pi. 
  ii, 
  figs. 
  2-5. 
  

  

  The 
  species 
  was 
  given 
  by 
  Saussure 
  the 
  manuscript 
  name 
  Hieroglyphus 
  bilineatus, 
  

   and 
  sent 
  under 
  it 
  to 
  different 
  museums, 
  with 
  the 
  result 
  that 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  three 
  times 
  

   redescribed 
  since 
  by 
  as 
  many 
  authors, 
  but 
  always 
  under 
  the 
  same 
  name. 
  The 
  

   British 
  Museum 
  has 
  also 
  a 
  male 
  and 
  a 
  female 
  of 
  it 
  from 
  Saussure, 
  labelled 
  in 
  his 
  

   own 
  writing. 
  

  

  Kirby 
  's 
  note, 
  on 
  H. 
  Maxwell-Lefroy's 
  authority 
  (I.e. 
  p. 
  203), 
  that 
  this 
  species 
  is 
  

   only 
  a 
  micropterous 
  form 
  of 
  Hieroglyphus 
  banian, 
  is, 
  of 
  course, 
  a 
  serious 
  mistake 
  ; 
  

   his 
  description 
  of 
  the 
  male 
  cerci 
  as 
  " 
  obtuse 
  " 
  is 
  also 
  very 
  far 
  from 
  being 
  correct. 
  

  

  As 
  I 
  have 
  before 
  me 
  only 
  four 
  specimens 
  of 
  this 
  insect, 
  I 
  am 
  not 
  in 
  a 
  position 
  to 
  

   estimate 
  the 
  extent 
  of 
  its 
  variability. 
  There 
  is 
  no 
  doubt, 
  however, 
  that 
  some 
  of 
  its 
  

   characters 
  must 
  be 
  subject 
  to. 
  individual 
  variation 
  ; 
  this 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  expected 
  with 
  regard 
  

   to 
  general 
  dimensions 
  and 
  coloration, 
  while 
  the 
  venation 
  of 
  elytra, 
  which 
  Bolivar 
  

   uses 
  as 
  a 
  specific 
  character 
  differentiating 
  P. 
  bilineatus 
  from 
  P. 
  colemani, 
  is 
  also 
  not 
  

   constant, 
  not 
  being 
  the 
  same 
  even 
  on 
  the 
  right 
  and 
  left 
  elytra 
  of 
  one 
  specimen. 
  

  

  Specimens 
  studied. 
  — 
  Indes 
  orient., 
  1 
  <$, 
  1 
  $ 
  (from 
  Saussure) 
  ; 
  India, 
  1 
  <$ 
  ; 
  Dehra 
  

   Dun, 
  Ollenbach, 
  x.06, 
  1 
  $ 
  (Pusa 
  Coll.). 
  

  

  Geographical 
  distribution. 
  — 
  J. 
  Carl, 
  who 
  described 
  this 
  species 
  from 
  the 
  original 
  

   series 
  of 
  Saussure, 
  gives 
  the 
  locality 
  as 
  " 
  Indes 
  orientales, 
  Himalaya," 
  and 
  it 
  seems 
  

   that 
  the 
  species 
  belongs 
  to 
  Northern 
  India, 
  though 
  the 
  lack 
  of 
  records 
  from 
  the 
  

   Indian 
  peninsula 
  proper 
  may 
  be 
  due 
  simply 
  to 
  insufficient 
  exploration. 
  

  

  