﻿230 
  B. 
  P. 
  UVAROV. 
  

  

  revision 
  of 
  the 
  genus, 
  H. 
  tonkinensis 
  (nee 
  Carl 
  !) 
  and 
  H. 
  nigrorepletus, 
  the 
  latter 
  having 
  

   been 
  also 
  twice 
  redescribed 
  by 
  Kirby 
  (1914) 
  under 
  H. 
  bettoni 
  and 
  by 
  Carl 
  (1916) 
  

   under 
  H. 
  vastator. 
  One 
  more 
  Indian 
  species, 
  H. 
  oryzivorus, 
  has 
  been 
  published 
  by 
  

   Carl, 
  and 
  one 
  new 
  one 
  from 
  Abyssinia 
  is 
  described 
  in 
  this 
  paper, 
  which 
  brings 
  the 
  

   total 
  number 
  of 
  species 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  Hieroglyphus 
  up 
  to 
  eight, 
  all 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  known 
  

   to 
  me, 
  mostly 
  by 
  typical 
  specimens. 
  As, 
  however, 
  the 
  majority 
  of 
  known 
  species 
  is 
  

   represented 
  in 
  collections 
  by 
  very 
  poor 
  series 
  of 
  specimens, 
  I 
  believe 
  that 
  the 
  number 
  

   of 
  species 
  which 
  remain 
  still 
  undiscovered 
  may 
  be 
  not 
  inconsiderable, 
  and 
  extensive 
  

   collecting 
  ought 
  to 
  give 
  good 
  results. 
  

  

  The 
  geographical 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  is 
  very 
  peculiar 
  and 
  worth 
  a 
  few 
  remarks. 
  

   The 
  majority 
  of 
  the 
  known 
  species 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  plains 
  of 
  India, 
  but 
  the 
  entire 
  area 
  

   occupied 
  by 
  the 
  genus 
  extends 
  farther 
  eastwards, 
  through 
  Burma 
  and 
  Assam, 
  to 
  

   Southern 
  China 
  and 
  Formosa, 
  while, 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  there 
  are 
  already 
  two 
  species 
  

   known 
  from 
  subtropical 
  Africa. 
  The 
  presence 
  of 
  these 
  species 
  in 
  Africa 
  is 
  the 
  

   more 
  puzzling 
  in 
  that 
  although 
  they 
  are 
  both 
  very 
  closely 
  related 
  to 
  two 
  Oriental 
  

   species 
  (indeed, 
  so 
  closely 
  that 
  they 
  may 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  but 
  geographical 
  races 
  of 
  

   these 
  species), 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  evidence 
  of 
  the 
  Oriental 
  and 
  African 
  areas 
  inhabited 
  by 
  

   the 
  genus 
  being 
  in 
  direct 
  connection. 
  This 
  latter 
  seems 
  to 
  me 
  even 
  hardly 
  possible 
  at 
  

   all, 
  since, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  biology 
  of 
  representatives 
  of 
  this 
  genus 
  is 
  known, 
  they 
  inhabit 
  

   damp 
  localities, 
  with 
  rich 
  vegetation 
  of 
  grasses, 
  reeds, 
  etc. 
  (not 
  trees 
  or 
  shrubs), 
  such 
  

   as 
  marshy 
  grassland, 
  rice 
  and 
  cane 
  fields 
  ; 
  conditions 
  of 
  this 
  kind 
  are 
  very 
  common 
  

   both 
  in 
  India 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  subtropical 
  belt 
  of 
  Africa 
  extending 
  from 
  Senegal 
  and 
  Northern 
  

   Nigeria 
  right 
  across 
  the 
  continent 
  to 
  the 
  Eastern 
  Sudan, 
  but 
  not 
  in 
  the 
  south-western 
  

   part 
  of 
  Asia, 
  separating 
  those 
  two 
  areas, 
  which 
  bears 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  desert 
  conditions 
  

   throughout. 
  

  

  The 
  best 
  characters 
  for 
  separating 
  species 
  of 
  Hieroglyphus 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  

   shape 
  of 
  the 
  male 
  external 
  genitalia, 
  and 
  particularly 
  that 
  of 
  cerci 
  ; 
  accordingly 
  it 
  

   is 
  sometimes 
  not 
  easy 
  to 
  identify 
  a 
  species 
  from 
  the 
  female 
  sex 
  only, 
  although 
  in 
  some 
  

   cases 
  the 
  female 
  genitalia 
  also 
  present 
  good 
  specific 
  characters. 
  The 
  relative 
  length 
  

   of 
  the 
  elytra 
  is 
  not 
  a 
  specific 
  character 
  at 
  all, 
  since 
  at 
  least 
  three 
  species 
  occur 
  

   regularly 
  in 
  two 
  different 
  forms, 
  macropterous 
  and 
  brachypterous, 
  respectively 
  ; 
  it 
  

   is 
  very 
  interesting 
  to 
  note 
  that 
  there 
  are 
  no 
  transitional 
  forms 
  between 
  the 
  two 
  

   extremes 
  known, 
  and 
  an 
  experimental 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  causes 
  of 
  brachypterism 
  should 
  

   be 
  worth 
  the 
  trouble. 
  

  

  The 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  sternum 
  is 
  of 
  considerable 
  systematic 
  importance, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  

   not 
  altogether 
  constant 
  in 
  every 
  species. 
  Especially 
  noteworthy 
  is 
  the 
  variability 
  

   of 
  the 
  sternum 
  in 
  the 
  most 
  common 
  species, 
  H. 
  banian, 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  variations 
  in 
  the 
  

   sternum 
  are 
  accompanied 
  by 
  variations 
  in 
  the 
  coloration, 
  general 
  habitus, 
  size, 
  and 
  

   the 
  shape 
  of 
  the 
  head, 
  so 
  that 
  two 
  forms 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  may 
  be 
  distinguished 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  

   real 
  significance 
  of 
  these 
  forms, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  causes 
  of 
  their 
  appearance, 
  are 
  by 
  no 
  

   means 
  clear 
  (see 
  below, 
  under 
  H. 
  banian). 
  In 
  the 
  other 
  species 
  the 
  material 
  

   available 
  is 
  insufficient 
  to 
  permit 
  conclusions 
  to 
  be 
  drawn 
  regarding 
  the 
  limits 
  of 
  

   variation. 
  

  

  Key 
  to 
  the 
  Species. 
  

  

  1 
  (6). 
  Cerci 
  of 
  the 
  male 
  simple 
  (fig. 
  1 
  E). 
  Subgenital 
  plate 
  of 
  the 
  female 
  with 
  

  

  two 
  longitudinal 
  denticulate 
  or 
  granulate 
  carinae 
  (fig. 
  2 
  A). 
  Pronotum 
  

   distinctly 
  rugosely 
  punctured. 
  

  

  2 
  (5). 
  Male 
  cerci 
  scarcely 
  longer 
  than 
  the 
  anal 
  plate 
  and 
  not 
  reaching 
  the 
  apex 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  subgenital 
  plate, 
  which 
  is 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  its 
  basal 
  width, 
  obtusely 
  

   conical. 
  Elytra 
  without 
  a 
  false 
  vein 
  in 
  the 
  discoidal 
  area. 
  Pronotum 
  

   more 
  coarsely 
  punctured. 
  Lateral 
  margins 
  of 
  the 
  fastigium 
  of 
  vertex 
  

   broad, 
  punctured, 
  with 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  distinct 
  foveolae 
  (fig. 
  1 
  B). 
  

  

  