﻿RICE 
  GRASSHOPPERS 
  OF 
  GENUS 
  HIEROGLYPHUS 
  AND 
  THEIR 
  NEAREST 
  ALLIES. 
  237 
  

  

  species 
  cannot, 
  of 
  course, 
  be 
  ascertained 
  from 
  these 
  records. 
  T. 
  B. 
  Fletcher 
  (S. 
  Ind. 
  

   Insects, 
  p. 
  531) 
  was 
  first 
  to 
  record 
  this 
  species 
  tinder 
  its 
  proper 
  name, 
  as 
  a 
  minor 
  pest 
  

   of 
  Andropogon 
  sorghum 
  and 
  Setaria 
  italica 
  in 
  Madras. 
  The 
  Proceedings 
  of 
  the 
  Second 
  

   Entomological 
  Meeting 
  at 
  Pusa, 
  repeat 
  the 
  same 
  information 
  (pp. 
  181, 
  201), 
  while 
  

   in 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  Third 
  Meeting 
  (p. 
  308) 
  the 
  species 
  is 
  recorded 
  also 
  from 
  rice. 
  

  

  The 
  Pusa 
  collection 
  contains 
  some 
  specimens 
  labelled 
  as 
  actually 
  taken 
  on 
  various 
  

   crops, 
  and 
  these 
  add 
  maize 
  to 
  the 
  list 
  of 
  plants 
  attacked 
  by 
  H. 
  nigrorepletus 
  (Dohad,. 
  

   Bombay, 
  8.ix.03) 
  ; 
  while 
  there 
  are 
  also 
  fairly 
  long 
  series 
  of 
  specimens 
  from 
  Allahabad, 
  

   United 
  Provinces, 
  29.vii.1910, 
  and 
  Partabgarh, 
  Un. 
  Prov., 
  16. 
  ix. 
  1909, 
  and 
  some 
  

   other 
  localities, 
  but 
  without 
  more 
  precise 
  information 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  crops 
  affected. 
  

  

  This 
  scanty 
  information 
  seems 
  to 
  indicate 
  that 
  H. 
  nigrorepletus, 
  though 
  common 
  

   enough, 
  is 
  hardly 
  a 
  serious 
  pest 
  of 
  rice 
  and 
  is 
  probably 
  more 
  closely 
  connected 
  with 
  

   the 
  crops 
  growing 
  under 
  less 
  moist 
  conditions, 
  such 
  as 
  Setaria 
  and 
  Andropogon. 
  The 
  

   bionomics 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  may 
  therefore 
  be 
  considerably 
  different 
  from 
  those 
  of 
  

   H. 
  banian, 
  at 
  least 
  as 
  regards 
  its 
  habitat. 
  

  

  5. 
  Hieroglyphic 
  banian 
  (F.) 
  (figs. 
  1 
  A, 
  2 
  F, 
  3C, 
  3D). 
  

  

  1798. 
  Gryllus 
  banian, 
  Fabricius, 
  Entom. 
  System., 
  Suppl., 
  p. 
  194. 
  

  

  1839. 
  Acridium 
  furcifer, 
  Serville, 
  Ins. 
  Orthopt., 
  p. 
  677, 
  pi. 
  14, 
  fig. 
  12. 
  

  

  1842. 
  Oxya 
  furcifer 
  a, 
  De 
  Haan, 
  Temminck, 
  Verhand., 
  Orthopt., 
  p. 
  155. 
  

  

  1891. 
  Hieroglyphics 
  furcifer, 
  Indian 
  Museum 
  Notes, 
  ii, 
  p. 
  30 
  (partly, 
  but 
  not 
  the 
  

   figure 
  !). 
  

  

  1906. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  furcifer, 
  Maxwell-Lefroy, 
  Ind. 
  Ins. 
  Pests, 
  p. 
  119 
  (partly), 
  fig. 
  137. 
  

  

  1907. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  furcifer, 
  Maxwell-Lefroy, 
  Mem. 
  Dep. 
  Agr., 
  India, 
  i, 
  no. 
  2, 
  p. 
  120 
  

  

  (partly), 
  fig. 
  3. 
  

  

  1909. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  banian, 
  Maxwell-Lefroy, 
  Ind. 
  Ins. 
  Life, 
  p. 
  87 
  (partly), 
  pi. 
  vii. 
  

  

  1910. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  banian, 
  Kirby, 
  Synon. 
  Cat. 
  Orth., 
  iii, 
  p. 
  396. 
  

  

  1911. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  banian, 
  Coleman 
  & 
  Kuhni 
  Kannan, 
  Dept. 
  Agric. 
  Mysore, 
  Entom. 
  

   Ser., 
  Bull. 
  No. 
  1. 
  

  

  1912. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  banian, 
  Main, 
  Agric. 
  Journ. 
  India, 
  vii, 
  p. 
  246, 
  pi. 
  xxx. 
  

   1912. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  banian, 
  Bolivar, 
  Trab. 
  Mus. 
  Madrid, 
  no. 
  6, 
  p. 
  53. 
  

   1914. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  banian, 
  Kirby, 
  Fauna 
  Brit. 
  Ind., 
  Acrid., 
  p. 
  202, 
  204. 
  

   1914. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  banian, 
  Fletcher, 
  S. 
  Ind. 
  Ins., 
  p. 
  531, 
  pi. 
  1, 
  figs. 
  1, 
  2, 
  3. 
  

   1916. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  furcifer, 
  Carl, 
  Rev. 
  Suisse 
  Zool., 
  xxiv, 
  no. 
  6, 
  pp. 
  478, 
  479. 
  

   1918. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  banian, 
  Bolivar, 
  Rev. 
  R. 
  Acad. 
  Cien. 
  Madrid, 
  xvi, 
  seg. 
  ser., 
  p. 
  396. 
  

   1918. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  sp., 
  Bolivar, 
  ., 
  I.e., 
  p. 
  397. 
  

  

  1918. 
  Hieroglyphus 
  banian, 
  Bolivar, 
  Trab. 
  Mus. 
  Madrid, 
  no. 
  34, 
  p. 
  28. 
  

  

  Some 
  slight 
  doubts 
  that 
  existed 
  concerning 
  the 
  identity 
  of 
  Gryllus 
  banian, 
  F. 
  ,. 
  

   and 
  Acridium 
  furcifer, 
  Serv., 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  first-named 
  species 
  having 
  been 
  

   described 
  from 
  a 
  female 
  only 
  and 
  very 
  insufficiently, 
  have 
  been 
  dispelled 
  after 
  my 
  

   examination 
  of 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  cotypes 
  of 
  the 
  Fabrician 
  species. 
  

  

  With 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  individual 
  variability 
  of 
  this 
  species, 
  which 
  I 
  have 
  been 
  able 
  

   to 
  study 
  in 
  a 
  very 
  long 
  series 
  of 
  specimens, 
  it 
  can 
  be 
  positively 
  stated 
  that 
  the 
  assump- 
  

   tion 
  made 
  by 
  Lefroy 
  in 
  all 
  his 
  books 
  (see 
  references 
  under 
  synonymy) 
  that 
  it 
  occurs 
  

   in 
  both 
  macropterous 
  and 
  brachypterous 
  forms, 
  is 
  incorrect 
  and 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  confusion 
  

   of 
  H. 
  banian 
  with 
  H. 
  nigrorepletus. 
  This 
  fact 
  was 
  first 
  established 
  by 
  Coleman 
  

   (Jl. 
  Bombay 
  Nat. 
  Hist. 
  Soc, 
  xxiii, 
  1914, 
  p. 
  172), 
  who 
  distinguished 
  H. 
  nigrorepletus 
  

   from 
  H. 
  banian 
  and 
  sent 
  it 
  to 
  Bolivar 
  for 
  description. 
  

  

  The 
  extensive 
  series 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  studied 
  by 
  me 
  may 
  be 
  divided 
  into 
  two 
  suffi- 
  

   ciently 
  well 
  defined 
  groups. 
  One 
  consists 
  of 
  the 
  insects 
  of 
  smaller 
  average 
  size, 
  with 
  

  

  