﻿326 
  C. 
  F. 
  M. 
  SWYNNERTON. 
  

  

  One 
  final 
  point 
  may 
  be 
  referred 
  to. 
  In 
  Musoma 
  (as 
  Capt. 
  Owen 
  informed 
  me), 
  

   except 
  in 
  one 
  area, 
  game 
  is 
  abundant 
  where 
  tsetse 
  is 
  absent 
  and 
  tsetse 
  abundant 
  

   where 
  game 
  is 
  scarce. 
  This 
  may 
  represent 
  a 
  temporary 
  phenomenon, 
  as 
  Dr. 
  Duke, 
  

   who 
  took 
  part 
  in 
  the 
  operations 
  here 
  against 
  Neumann 
  in 
  1917, 
  speaks 
  (Bull. 
  Ent. 
  

   Res. 
  x, 
  p. 
  11) 
  of 
  an 
  abundance 
  of 
  game 
  between 
  Ikoma 
  and 
  the 
  Mara, 
  and 
  Ikoma 
  

   and 
  Olgoss, 
  both 
  fly 
  areas. 
  However, 
  the 
  influence 
  of 
  game, 
  when 
  really 
  abundant, 
  

   in 
  keeping 
  down 
  bush 
  that 
  might 
  otherwise 
  harbour 
  tsetse 
  has 
  been 
  referred 
  to 
  and 
  

   cannot 
  te 
  doubted, 
  while 
  apparent 
  evidence 
  of 
  its 
  avoidance 
  of 
  established 
  tsetse- 
  

   harbouring 
  bush 
  where 
  an 
  alternative 
  exists 
  close 
  by 
  was 
  seen 
  by 
  ourselves, 
  and 
  

   either 
  factor 
  might 
  contribute 
  to 
  the 
  phenomenon 
  referred 
  to 
  by 
  Owen. 
  

  

  VII. 
  — 
  The 
  species 
  of 
  Glossina 
  present. 
  

  

  1. 
  Glossina 
  palpalis, 
  R.-D. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Mwanza 
  Gulf 
  there 
  are 
  stretches 
  of 
  granite-kopje 
  wooding 
  that 
  

   come 
  to 
  the 
  shore 
  both 
  on 
  the 
  mainland 
  and 
  some 
  islands, 
  and 
  Fiske 
  and 
  

   Marshall 
  took 
  G. 
  palpalis 
  in 
  the 
  latter. 
  From 
  Mwanza 
  to 
  beyond 
  the 
  Rowana 
  

   River, 
  the 
  Lake 
  and 
  river 
  front 
  that 
  covers 
  the 
  sleeping 
  sickness 
  area, 
  no 
  sign 
  

   or 
  news 
  of 
  this 
  fly 
  could 
  anywhere 
  be 
  found 
  by 
  us. 
  With 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  a 
  

   few 
  very 
  small 
  points, 
  some 
  of 
  which 
  were 
  carefully 
  searched, 
  the 
  coast 
  from 
  

   Mwanza 
  to 
  Nasa 
  has 
  been 
  completely 
  cleared 
  of 
  woody 
  vegetation 
  by 
  native 
  settle- 
  

   ment. 
  The 
  islands 
  generally 
  of 
  the 
  Speke 
  Gulf 
  and 
  the 
  margins 
  of 
  the 
  mainland 
  

   on 
  its 
  north, 
  as 
  seen 
  from 
  the 
  dhow, 
  also 
  appeared 
  to 
  be 
  clear 
  on 
  the 
  whole, 
  but 
  in 
  

   Nasa 
  the 
  mhali 
  acacia 
  wooding 
  (PL 
  xii, 
  fig. 
  2) 
  comes 
  to 
  the 
  shore 
  and, 
  as 
  a 
  broken 
  

   marginal 
  to 
  submarginal 
  strip, 
  stretches 
  to 
  the 
  Rowana 
  and 
  beyond. 
  Here 
  again, 
  

   as 
  in 
  Magu 
  Bay, 
  I 
  searched 
  carefully 
  by 
  canoe, 
  coasting 
  close 
  and 
  sometimes 
  landing 
  

   and 
  searching 
  for 
  the 
  fly 
  and 
  its 
  puparia, 
  but 
  without 
  success 
  as 
  regards 
  G. 
  palpalis. 
  

  

  The 
  vegetation 
  at 
  Kianzi 
  point 
  and 
  the 
  little 
  Yamagata 
  Islands 
  in 
  Magu 
  Bay 
  

   closely 
  resembled 
  vegetation 
  in 
  which 
  I 
  had 
  taken 
  palpalis 
  elsewhere, 
  but 
  these 
  widely 
  

   isolated 
  little 
  points 
  of 
  wooding 
  on 
  a 
  clear 
  coast 
  are 
  obviously 
  as 
  insufficient 
  for 
  the 
  

   requirements 
  of 
  the 
  fly 
  as 
  are 
  the 
  isolated 
  wooded 
  granite 
  kopjes 
  and 
  small 
  Acacia 
  

   woods 
  of 
  Sultan 
  Tshasama's 
  settled 
  country 
  for 
  those 
  of 
  morsitans, 
  nor 
  were 
  there, 
  

   even 
  in 
  the 
  mhali 
  north 
  of 
  Nasa, 
  any 
  patches 
  of 
  " 
  massive 
  " 
  wooding 
  to 
  serve 
  as 
  

   centres 
  of 
  distribution. 
  Fiske 
  has 
  mentioned 
  this 
  also 
  in 
  a 
  report, 
  I 
  believe 
  un- 
  

   published, 
  on 
  the 
  Cruise 
  of 
  S.S. 
  Sir 
  William 
  Mackinnon 
  into 
  Tanganyika 
  Territory 
  

   in 
  1920. 
  

  

  Neither, 
  however, 
  could 
  palpalis 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  mgu 
  wooding 
  (PI. 
  xiv, 
  fig. 
  2) 
  

   that 
  borders 
  the 
  lower 
  Simiyu, 
  nor 
  in 
  the 
  far 
  more 
  likely 
  fringing 
  forest 
  of 
  shady 
  

   Ficas, 
  some 
  mgu 
  and 
  thickets 
  of 
  dense 
  green 
  Grewia 
  fallax, 
  a 
  Gardenia 
  of 
  the 
  

   thunbergia 
  group 
  and 
  the 
  thorny 
  shrub 
  (Harrisonia 
  abyssinica) 
  that 
  borders 
  the 
  

   Mbarangeti 
  and 
  Rowana 
  (cf. 
  PL 
  xv, 
  fig. 
  1), 
  though 
  these 
  rivers 
  are 
  full 
  of 
  hippo- 
  

   potamus 
  and 
  crocodiles 
  and 
  infested 
  by 
  baboons. 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  other 
  hand 
  my 
  natives 
  took 
  palpalis 
  and 
  its 
  puparia 
  in 
  numbers 
  on 
  the 
  

   small 
  Mgasiro 
  Island 
  in 
  Mara 
  Bay 
  near 
  Musoma 
  (where 
  it 
  was 
  known 
  to 
  exist), 
  and 
  

   Dr. 
  Davey 
  had 
  already 
  found 
  it 
  at 
  Musoma 
  point. 
  More 
  wooding 
  of 
  a 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  

   dense 
  nature 
  comes 
  to 
  the 
  shore 
  in 
  Mara 
  Bay 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  Speke 
  Gulf, 
  and 
  (as 
  could 
  

   be 
  seen 
  from 
  the 
  steamer) 
  this 
  condition 
  tends 
  to 
  recur 
  here 
  and 
  there 
  till 
  one 
  turns 
  

   into 
  the 
  Kavirondo 
  Gulf. 
  

  

  Fiske 
  and 
  Marshall 
  also, 
  in 
  1920, 
  failed 
  to 
  find 
  palpalis 
  in 
  the 
  Speke 
  Gulf 
  from 
  

   Mwanza 
  right 
  round 
  to 
  Nafuba 
  Island 
  off 
  the 
  Ukerewe 
  mainland. 
  Here 
  it 
  was 
  found 
  

   both 
  on 
  the 
  island 
  (densely) 
  and 
  the 
  mainland 
  near, 
  the 
  conditions 
  (shelter 
  and 
  lack 
  of 
  

   cultivation) 
  having 
  become 
  favourable. 
  Extensive 
  uncultivated 
  beaches 
  of 
  the 
  

   Ukerewe 
  Island 
  shore 
  eastward 
  of 
  Wlru 
  Island 
  were 
  found 
  very 
  densely 
  infested, 
  

   as 
  were 
  parts 
  of 
  Rome 
  and 
  the 
  islands 
  to 
  its 
  west. 
  

  

  