﻿336 
  C. 
  F. 
  M. 
  SWYNNERTON. 
  

  

  Difficulty 
  occurred 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  tsetses 
  persisted 
  in 
  congregating 
  

   on 
  the 
  windward 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  net. 
  Apparent 
  reactions 
  occurred 
  at 
  all 
  distances 
  from 
  

   30 
  to 
  150 
  yards 
  when 
  the 
  party 
  passed 
  exactly 
  to 
  windward 
  of 
  the 
  fly 
  and 
  no 
  reaction 
  

   at 
  200 
  yards, 
  but 
  I 
  am 
  not 
  describing 
  the 
  experiment 
  in 
  detail, 
  as 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  regard 
  it 
  

   as 
  reliable, 
  and 
  I 
  had, 
  unfortunately, 
  no 
  opportunity 
  of 
  repeating 
  it. 
  

  

  Against 
  the 
  indication 
  that 
  the 
  fly 
  attacks 
  from 
  far 
  may 
  be 
  set 
  the 
  conditions 
  

   at 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  watering-places 
  of 
  native 
  cattle 
  ; 
  for 
  example, 
  right 
  up 
  against 
  tsetse- 
  

   infested 
  bush 
  at 
  Mtukuza 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  mbuga 
  just 
  north 
  of 
  Mount 
  Sansui, 
  though 
  in 
  

   each 
  case 
  with 
  a 
  sixty-yard 
  fringe 
  of 
  open 
  mgu 
  trees 
  with 
  only 
  occasional 
  flies 
  between 
  

   the 
  water 
  and 
  the 
  mhali-and-thicket 
  that 
  really 
  contained 
  the 
  tsetse. 
  The 
  natives 
  

   stated 
  that 
  they 
  dare 
  not 
  traverse 
  this 
  further 
  distance 
  with 
  their 
  cattle. 
  

  

  Distance 
  of 
  Attack 
  through 
  Bush. 
  — 
  Yet 
  another 
  set 
  of 
  observations 
  suggested 
  

   that 
  attack 
  may 
  take 
  place 
  from 
  quite 
  a 
  distance 
  in 
  bush, 
  at 
  any 
  rate 
  under 
  the 
  

   conditions 
  of 
  hunger 
  apparently 
  prevailing 
  here. 
  In 
  my 
  previous 
  experiences 
  of 
  

   tsetses 
  the 
  few 
  men 
  at 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  the 
  safari 
  have 
  had 
  nearly 
  all 
  the 
  flies. 
  This 
  by 
  

   no 
  means 
  happened 
  with 
  the 
  present 
  tsetse, 
  for 
  on 
  many 
  occasions 
  the 
  middle 
  or 
  

   even 
  the 
  hindmost 
  men 
  had 
  more 
  tsetses 
  than 
  the 
  leaders, 
  and 
  it 
  seemed 
  very 
  much 
  

   as 
  though 
  the 
  flies 
  were 
  coming 
  to 
  us 
  from 
  considerable 
  distances 
  and, 
  arriving 
  late, 
  

   swerved 
  and 
  followed 
  up, 
  alighting 
  on 
  the 
  first 
  man 
  they 
  reached. 
  This 
  was 
  suggested 
  

   also 
  by 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  in 
  county 
  in 
  which 
  we 
  picked 
  up 
  merely 
  occasional 
  flies 
  we 
  often, 
  

   by 
  standing 
  for 
  some 
  time, 
  drew 
  in 
  tsetse 
  after 
  tsetse 
  until 
  the 
  total 
  for 
  that 
  one 
  spot 
  

   reached 
  quite 
  a 
  large 
  figure. 
  All 
  this 
  was 
  in 
  bush, 
  not 
  mbuga, 
  and 
  there 
  was 
  nothing, 
  

   therefore, 
  to 
  indicate 
  what 
  the 
  distance 
  might 
  have 
  been. 
  On 
  one 
  occasion 
  when 
  

   I 
  was 
  standing 
  in 
  a 
  mbuga 
  150 
  yards 
  from 
  the 
  nearest 
  bush 
  two 
  flies 
  came 
  to 
  me, 
  but 
  

   there 
  were 
  a 
  few 
  small 
  bushes 
  in 
  the 
  mbuga 
  that 
  may 
  have 
  harboured 
  them. 
  

  

  XIV. 
  — 
  Miscellaneous 
  Notes. 
  

  

  1. 
  Settling 
  Habits. 
  

  

  The 
  fly 
  resembles 
  G. 
  morsitans 
  in 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  individuals 
  move 
  along 
  in 
  front 
  

   of 
  the 
  traveller, 
  settling 
  before 
  him 
  on 
  the 
  road. 
  In 
  open 
  spaces 
  the 
  flies 
  on 
  his 
  back 
  

   tend, 
  when 
  he 
  halts, 
  to 
  distribute 
  themselves 
  on 
  the 
  ground 
  about 
  him. 
  

  

  2. 
  Relation 
  of 
  Game 
  and 
  Cattle. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  Mtukuza 
  mbuga, 
  two 
  miles 
  broad 
  by 
  possibly 
  twice 
  as 
  many 
  in 
  length, 
  

   which 
  we 
  worked 
  to 
  get 
  an 
  idea 
  of 
  the 
  position 
  at 
  these 
  natural 
  open 
  spaces 
  haunted 
  

   by 
  game, 
  occasional 
  flies 
  were 
  taken 
  up 
  to 
  500 
  yards 
  out 
  in 
  the 
  ilula-clumps 
  — 
  more 
  

   or 
  less 
  connected 
  by 
  a 
  few 
  bushes 
  and 
  small 
  clumps 
  with 
  the 
  main 
  bush 
  containing 
  

   fly 
  — 
  but 
  none 
  at 
  all 
  in 
  the 
  open, 
  though 
  we 
  put 
  up 
  topis, 
  zebra 
  and 
  roan 
  antelopes, 
  

   and 
  at 
  once 
  worked 
  along, 
  men 
  and 
  cattle, 
  in 
  their 
  tracks. 
  No 
  puparia 
  could 
  be 
  found 
  

   at 
  the 
  water-hole, 
  at 
  which 
  the 
  game 
  drank, 
  in 
  a 
  small 
  patch 
  of 
  acacia 
  that 
  included 
  

   one 
  or 
  two 
  large 
  and 
  shady 
  trees. 
  In 
  this 
  mbuga 
  there 
  are 
  four 
  small 
  herds 
  of 
  cattle, 
  

   living 
  safely, 
  their 
  owners 
  state, 
  and 
  those 
  I 
  saw 
  certainly 
  looking 
  well, 
  in 
  close 
  

   contact 
  with 
  the 
  game 
  and 
  much 
  attacked 
  sometimes 
  by 
  Tabanids. 
  The 
  game 
  is 
  

   regarded 
  as 
  coming 
  out 
  and 
  living 
  — 
  and 
  sleeping 
  — 
  in 
  the 
  mbuga 
  to 
  escape 
  the 
  

   attentions 
  of 
  the 
  tsetse 
  in 
  the 
  bush, 
  and 
  the 
  tsetses 
  are 
  said 
  not 
  to 
  follow 
  them 
  into 
  

   the 
  mbuga 
  unless 
  in 
  one 
  and 
  twos, 
  as 
  they 
  " 
  fear 
  the 
  hot 
  sun." 
  The 
  game 
  retires 
  

   to 
  the 
  shade 
  of 
  the 
  clumps 
  in 
  the 
  heat 
  of 
  the 
  day. 
  

  

  From 
  this 
  and 
  other 
  evidence 
  I 
  judge 
  that 
  the 
  danger 
  to 
  cattle 
  from 
  game 
  wandering 
  

   on 
  to 
  its 
  pasture 
  out 
  of 
  fly-infested 
  bush 
  will 
  not 
  be 
  great, 
  provided 
  that 
  the 
  clumps 
  

   of 
  bush 
  on 
  the 
  pasture 
  are 
  cleared 
  or 
  the 
  cattle 
  kept 
  away 
  from 
  them. 
  

  

  While 
  at 
  Mtukuza 
  I 
  was 
  told 
  of 
  two 
  fly-surrounded 
  mbugas 
  near 
  the 
  Duma, 
  at 
  

   one 
  of 
  which 
  (Inyamageni, 
  stated 
  to 
  be 
  much 
  smaller 
  than 
  Mtukuza) 
  cattle, 
  it 
  was 
  

   alleged, 
  had 
  been 
  kept 
  in 
  safety 
  for 
  many 
  years 
  ; 
  while 
  at 
  the 
  other 
  (Magerani) 
  

   small 
  losses 
  were 
  always 
  taking 
  place. 
  At 
  Manangwa 
  Masalu's, 
  on 
  the 
  Nasa 
  littoral, 
  

  

  