﻿ENTOMOLOGICAL 
  ASPECTS 
  OF 
  AN 
  OUTBREAK 
  OF 
  SLEEPING 
  SICKNESS. 
  353 
  

  

  From 
  this 
  may 
  be 
  deduced 
  the 
  movements 
  of 
  the 
  hunters 
  also 
  to 
  and 
  from 
  the 
  

   borders 
  of 
  the 
  infected 
  area 
  and 
  the 
  points 
  at 
  which 
  the 
  game 
  from 
  divers 
  quarters 
  

   intermingles. 
  Also 
  the 
  localities 
  (abutting 
  on 
  population) 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  game 
  is 
  liable 
  

   to 
  the 
  greatest 
  destruction 
  and 
  that 
  particular 
  locality 
  (inside 
  and 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  cleared 
  

   Luguru 
  arc 
  and 
  extending 
  to 
  Usmao) 
  in 
  which 
  it 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  least 
  capable 
  of 
  being 
  

   replenished 
  by 
  the 
  annual 
  movement 
  to 
  water. 
  

  

  To 
  summarise 
  : 
  Tsetses 
  alone 
  are 
  unlikely 
  to 
  spread 
  the 
  disease 
  far, 
  even 
  if 
  it 
  

   is 
  propagated 
  through 
  cyclical 
  transmission, 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  considerable 
  breadth 
  of 
  

   the 
  barrier 
  round 
  the 
  main 
  Usukuma 
  belt. 
  Game, 
  on 
  present 
  evidence, 
  does 
  not 
  

   seem 
  likely 
  to 
  spread 
  it, 
  and 
  I 
  know 
  at 
  present 
  of 
  no 
  great 
  movement 
  of 
  game 
  between 
  

   the 
  main 
  Usukuma 
  belt 
  and 
  the 
  tsetse 
  belts 
  about 
  it. 
  But 
  an 
  infected 
  man 
  going 
  

   out, 
  passing 
  through 
  or 
  having 
  entered 
  for 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  many 
  purposes 
  I 
  have 
  enumerated 
  

   may 
  subsequently 
  sit 
  down 
  and 
  talk 
  in 
  a 
  village 
  or 
  road-side 
  halt 
  in 
  any 
  tsetse 
  

   belt 
  in 
  the 
  territory 
  in 
  a 
  locality 
  in 
  which 
  man 
  is 
  for 
  the 
  time 
  being 
  the 
  centre 
  of 
  

   attraction 
  for 
  the 
  tsetses 
  that 
  he 
  was 
  in 
  the 
  Simiyu 
  area 
  during 
  our 
  visit, 
  and 
  start 
  

   a 
  case 
  or 
  two 
  or 
  an 
  epidemic. 
  It 
  is 
  improbable 
  that 
  the 
  last 
  will 
  come 
  about 
  in 
  any 
  

   place 
  about 
  which 
  game 
  is 
  present 
  abundantly. 
  

  

  XXI. 
  — 
  Immediate 
  Local 
  Measures. 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  not 
  heard 
  what 
  were 
  the 
  recommendations 
  that 
  were 
  finally 
  made 
  by 
  the 
  

   Acting 
  Principal 
  Medical 
  Officer 
  and 
  adopted, 
  but 
  there 
  can 
  be 
  no 
  harm 
  in 
  stating 
  

   that 
  the 
  urgent 
  local 
  desiderata 
  when 
  I 
  left 
  seemed 
  to 
  us 
  to 
  be 
  these 
  : 
  to 
  finish 
  the 
  

   delimitation 
  of 
  the 
  outbreak 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  tsetse 
  area 
  ; 
  to 
  segregate 
  the 
  sick 
  in 
  fly-free 
  

   country, 
  and, 
  for 
  the 
  reasons 
  to 
  be 
  stated 
  below, 
  to 
  evacuate 
  the 
  remaining 
  population 
  

   immediately 
  the 
  crops 
  should 
  be 
  harvested 
  ; 
  to 
  protect 
  people 
  who 
  must 
  still, 
  after 
  

   evacuation, 
  pass 
  through 
  the 
  woodland 
  either 
  to 
  water 
  or 
  during 
  essential 
  travelling 
  ; 
  

   so 
  far 
  as 
  possible 
  to 
  prevent 
  entry 
  into 
  the 
  infected 
  wooding 
  for 
  any 
  purpose 
  what- 
  

   soever 
  ; 
  to 
  prevent, 
  for 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  might 
  prove 
  to 
  be 
  necessary, 
  all 
  passage 
  of 
  people 
  

   between 
  infected 
  and 
  uninfected 
  tsetse 
  areas 
  in 
  our 
  territory 
  or 
  across 
  the 
  Kenya 
  

   border 
  ; 
  if 
  at 
  all 
  feasible 
  (cyclical 
  transmission 
  being 
  presupposed 
  and 
  infected 
  

   persons 
  having 
  been 
  removed 
  already), 
  to 
  hasten 
  the 
  decease 
  of 
  the 
  tsetse 
  already 
  

   infected 
  — 
  pending 
  evacuation 
  ; 
  again, 
  if 
  possible, 
  to 
  prevent 
  the 
  infection 
  of 
  the 
  

   game 
  with 
  the 
  trypanosome 
  in 
  case 
  the 
  latter 
  should 
  be 
  capable 
  of 
  maintaining 
  its 
  

   pathogenicity 
  for 
  man 
  after 
  having 
  been 
  transmitted 
  to 
  the 
  animals. 
  

  

  These 
  would 
  be 
  emergency 
  measures. 
  I 
  was 
  myself 
  anxious, 
  and 
  we 
  thought 
  

   it 
  distinctly 
  useful, 
  that 
  the 
  continued 
  presence 
  of 
  workers 
  and 
  of 
  natives 
  in 
  the 
  area 
  

   should 
  be 
  utilised 
  for 
  observation 
  of 
  the 
  primary 
  centres 
  of 
  the 
  fly 
  during 
  the 
  dry 
  

   season 
  already 
  commencing 
  and 
  for 
  such 
  further 
  acquirement 
  of 
  knowledge 
  regarding 
  

   a 
  new 
  and 
  highly 
  dangerous 
  tsetse 
  as 
  would 
  help 
  us 
  to 
  initiate 
  later 
  an 
  effective 
  cam- 
  

   paign 
  against 
  it 
  such 
  as 
  might 
  assist 
  early 
  resettlement 
  and 
  enable 
  us 
  to 
  utilise 
  the 
  

   latter 
  to 
  the 
  best 
  effect 
  for 
  the 
  final 
  eradication 
  of 
  the 
  fly. 
  To 
  such 
  a 
  campaign 
  the 
  

   evacuated, 
  barrier-encircled 
  Simiyu-Duma 
  area 
  would 
  rather 
  particularly 
  lend 
  itself. 
  

  

  Here 
  I 
  ought 
  to 
  say 
  that 
  the 
  problem 
  as 
  regards 
  native 
  co-operation 
  appeared 
  to 
  be 
  

   very 
  different 
  from 
  that 
  which 
  I 
  believe 
  confronted 
  the 
  British 
  East 
  African 
  authorities 
  

   when 
  the 
  evacuation 
  of 
  Kavirondo 
  was, 
  long 
  ago, 
  in 
  question. 
  We 
  had 
  conferences 
  

   with 
  the 
  Sultans, 
  and 
  I 
  was 
  most 
  struck 
  with 
  these 
  hereditary 
  native 
  rulers 
  of 
  the 
  

   district, 
  with 
  their 
  information 
  and 
  outlook, 
  their 
  apparent 
  ability 
  and 
  hold 
  over 
  

   their 
  people, 
  their 
  ready 
  grasp 
  of 
  the 
  matter 
  in 
  hand 
  and 
  their 
  shrewd 
  suggestions, 
  

   and 
  their 
  keenness 
  to 
  support 
  the 
  Government 
  in 
  an 
  effective 
  tackling 
  of 
  the 
  outbreak. 
  

  

  The 
  local 
  measures 
  that 
  (in 
  final 
  consultation 
  between 
  them 
  and 
  the 
  Senior 
  

   Commissioner) 
  were 
  decided 
  to 
  be 
  useful 
  and, 
  with 
  good 
  supervision, 
  sufficiently 
  

   practicable, 
  and 
  with 
  regard 
  to 
  which 
  they 
  promised 
  their 
  hearty 
  co-operation, 
  

   were 
  complete 
  evacuation 
  of 
  the 
  woodland 
  sections 
  of 
  the 
  infected 
  sultanates 
  ; 
  the 
  

  

  (8053) 
  2a2 
  

  

  