﻿364 
  C. 
  F. 
  M. 
  SWYNNERTON. 
  

  

  Clearing 
  Measures. 
  — 
  It 
  should 
  not 
  be 
  necessary 
  to 
  employ 
  paid 
  labour, 
  and, 
  if 
  

   it 
  were, 
  the 
  cost 
  would 
  be 
  great. 
  The 
  resettlement 
  of 
  the 
  evacuated 
  Wasukuma, 
  

   when 
  they 
  are 
  allowed 
  to 
  return 
  to 
  their 
  old 
  area, 
  will 
  offer 
  a 
  good 
  opportunity 
  for 
  

   the 
  application 
  to 
  the 
  Simiyu-Duma 
  problem 
  of 
  the 
  control 
  of 
  tsetse 
  by 
  judicious 
  

   native 
  settlement. 
  A 
  yet 
  finer 
  opportunity 
  might 
  be 
  afforded 
  should 
  we 
  find 
  ourselves 
  

   in 
  a 
  position 
  to 
  utilise 
  the 
  surplus 
  population 
  as 
  I 
  have 
  suggested 
  on 
  page 
  360. 
  Instead 
  

   of 
  leaving 
  it 
  to 
  attack 
  the 
  woodland 
  indiscriminately 
  (as 
  there 
  suggested) 
  from 
  the 
  

   margin 
  inwards 
  and 
  from 
  such 
  clearings 
  as 
  those 
  of 
  Zagayu, 
  Maswa 
  and 
  Kilalo 
  out- 
  

   wards, 
  we 
  would 
  offer 
  our 
  inducements 
  to 
  those 
  who 
  would 
  settle 
  in 
  and 
  clear 
  the 
  

   spots 
  indicated 
  by 
  us. 
  These 
  spots 
  would 
  be 
  the 
  main 
  "strongholds 
  " 
  — 
  the 
  primary 
  

   centres 
  — 
  -and 
  by 
  concentrating 
  on 
  them 
  we 
  should 
  make 
  the 
  best 
  use 
  of 
  our 
  human 
  

   material. 
  

  

  But 
  it 
  is 
  essential 
  that 
  the 
  scheme 
  should 
  be 
  organised 
  soundly 
  and 
  with 
  care 
  

   from 
  the 
  agricultural 
  standpoint 
  also. 
  It 
  should, 
  if 
  possible, 
  be 
  of 
  such 
  economic 
  

   importance 
  agriculturally 
  to 
  the 
  country 
  that 
  it 
  will 
  not 
  lack 
  special 
  fostering, 
  and 
  

   so 
  profitable 
  to 
  the 
  natives 
  concerned 
  in 
  it 
  that 
  after 
  the 
  first 
  brief 
  period 
  of 
  special 
  

   inducement 
  their 
  numbers 
  will 
  be 
  swelled 
  automatically. 
  What, 
  apart 
  from 
  food- 
  

   stuffs, 
  should 
  be 
  the 
  crop 
  ? 
  This, 
  naturally, 
  would 
  be 
  settled 
  by 
  the 
  agricultural 
  

   experts, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  already 
  likely 
  that 
  amongst 
  the 
  strongholds 
  of 
  the 
  fly 
  will 
  figure 
  

   the 
  borders 
  of 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  small 
  open 
  mbugas 
  that 
  are 
  scattered 
  so 
  freely 
  

   through 
  the 
  woodland, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  soil 
  at 
  these 
  places, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  in 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  

   thicket 
  areas, 
  is 
  suited 
  to 
  cotton. 
  Native 
  settlements 
  here 
  for 
  the 
  large-scale 
  

   planting 
  of 
  cotton 
  might 
  thus 
  at 
  once 
  go 
  far 
  to 
  control 
  the 
  tsetse, 
  and 
  cotton 
  is 
  

   the 
  crop 
  the 
  cultivation 
  of 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  most 
  wished 
  at 
  this 
  time 
  to 
  promote 
  amongst 
  

   the 
  natives 
  of 
  the 
  territory. 
  Organisation 
  of 
  transport, 
  a 
  guaranteed 
  price 
  for 
  

   the 
  cotton, 
  good 
  entomological 
  control 
  of 
  its 
  pests 
  by 
  a 
  man 
  stationed 
  on 
  the 
  

   spot, 
  and, 
  for 
  produce 
  generally, 
  access 
  without 
  prohibitive 
  duties 
  to 
  the 
  Kenya 
  

   market, 
  would 
  encourage 
  the 
  cultivation 
  of 
  the 
  area, 
  which, 
  with 
  its 
  water 
  

   transport 
  to 
  the 
  railhead 
  at 
  Kisumu, 
  is 
  a 
  peculiarly 
  suitable 
  one 
  for 
  treatment 
  in 
  

   this 
  way. 
  

  

  We 
  should 
  still 
  discourage 
  the 
  one-family 
  bush 
  village. 
  Enough 
  people 
  would 
  

   be 
  stationed 
  at 
  each 
  centre 
  to 
  ensure 
  its 
  proper 
  clearing 
  and 
  to 
  make 
  it 
  capable 
  of 
  

   carrying 
  cattle 
  at 
  an 
  early 
  date, 
  and 
  these 
  cattle 
  in 
  their 
  turn 
  would 
  assist 
  in 
  the 
  

   consolidation 
  of 
  each 
  focus 
  as 
  it 
  grew. 
  Again, 
  the 
  reopening 
  and 
  extension 
  of 
  the 
  

   gold-mining 
  industry 
  of 
  the 
  district, 
  if 
  that 
  should 
  happen, 
  would 
  lead 
  to 
  more 
  

   clearing 
  for 
  timber 
  round 
  the 
  mines 
  themselves 
  and, 
  by 
  creating 
  a 
  local 
  market 
  

   for 
  agricultural 
  produce, 
  lead 
  indirectly 
  to 
  much 
  other 
  clearing. 
  

  

  Cleared 
  Barriers. 
  — 
  The 
  effect 
  of 
  breaking 
  up 
  the 
  belt 
  in 
  the 
  way 
  referred 
  to 
  on 
  

   page 
  363 
  is 
  worth 
  investigating 
  in 
  practice. 
  Thus, 
  a 
  tongue 
  of 
  bush 
  extends 
  into 
  

   the 
  more 
  open 
  Nung-hu 
  country, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  stated 
  that 
  in 
  it 
  the 
  tsetses 
  are 
  few. 
  By 
  

   broadly 
  cutting 
  through 
  the 
  comparatively 
  narrow 
  neck 
  that 
  is 
  stated 
  to 
  connect 
  

   it 
  with 
  the 
  more 
  heavily 
  infested 
  bush 
  nearer 
  the 
  Simiyu, 
  it 
  is 
  possible 
  that 
  it 
  will 
  

   be 
  completely 
  cleared 
  of 
  flies, 
  and 
  the 
  possibility 
  of 
  doing 
  this 
  elsewhere 
  also 
  should 
  

   be 
  borne 
  in 
  mind. 
  Where 
  much-frequented 
  paths 
  cut 
  across 
  a 
  barrier, 
  the 
  latter 
  

   may 
  be 
  less 
  effective 
  ; 
  for 
  though 
  many 
  or 
  most 
  flies 
  leave 
  a 
  person 
  who 
  enters 
  

   cleared 
  ground, 
  others 
  follow 
  right 
  across 
  it, 
  just 
  as 
  flies 
  will 
  accompany 
  a 
  canoe 
  

   till 
  it 
  lands. 
  Where 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  case 
  of 
  a 
  barrier 
  to 
  check 
  the 
  advance 
  of 
  a 
  fly-belt 
  (and 
  

   here 
  I 
  speak 
  of 
  general 
  principles 
  rather 
  than 
  of 
  the 
  Mwanza-Tabora 
  problems) 
  

   advantage 
  might 
  be 
  taken 
  on 
  any 
  much-travelled 
  path 
  that 
  crosses 
  it 
  of 
  the 
  flies' 
  

   tendency 
  to 
  dismount 
  at 
  the 
  first 
  piece 
  of 
  shade 
  after 
  traversing 
  much 
  open 
  ground. 
  

   A 
  few 
  bushes 
  or 
  huts 
  only 
  (p. 
  334) 
  could 
  be 
  left 
  at 
  some 
  point 
  on 
  the 
  path, 
  together 
  

   with 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  resident 
  natives 
  whose 
  business 
  it 
  would 
  be 
  to 
  clear 
  passers-by 
  

   of 
  flies. 
  In 
  such 
  a 
  place 
  as 
  this 
  a 
  few 
  limed 
  screens 
  might 
  find 
  their 
  best 
  use. 
  

  

  Other 
  Measures. 
  — 
  Certain 
  other 
  control 
  measures 
  that 
  have 
  been 
  proposed 
  are 
  

   very 
  well 
  worth 
  investigation, 
  such 
  as 
  the 
  breeding 
  and 
  releasing 
  of 
  the 
  fly's 
  enemies 
  

  

  