﻿373 
  

  

  FIRST 
  REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  TSETSE-FLY 
  INVESTIGATION 
  IN 
  THE 
  

   NORTHERN 
  PROVINCES 
  OF 
  NIGERIA. 
  

  

  W. 
  B. 
  Johnson, 
  M.B., 
  B.S., 
  F.R.C.S., 
  and 
  Llewellyn 
  Lloyd, 
  D.Sc. 
  (Leeds). 
  

  

  (Plates 
  XVIII-XXII 
  and 
  Map.) 
  

  

  Table 
  of 
  Contents. 
  

  

  I. 
  Introduction 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  

  

  II. 
  Distribution 
  of 
  Tsetse-flies 
  — 
  

  

  1 
  . 
  Types 
  of 
  Forest 
  required 
  by 
  the 
  various 
  Species 
  

  

  2. 
  Classification 
  of 
  Forests 
  in 
  relation 
  to 
  Tsetse-flies 
  

   III. 
  Breeding 
  Habits 
  — 
  

  

  1 
  . 
  Glossina 
  palpalis 
  

  

  2. 
  Glossina 
  tachinoides 
  — 
  

  

  (a) 
  Breeding 
  Haunts 
  

  

  (b) 
  Breeding 
  Season 
  

  

  3. 
  Glossina 
  morsitans 
  

   The 
  Sex 
  Ratio 
  in 
  G. 
  tachinoides 
  

  

  IV. 
  

  

  V. 
  Food 
  of 
  Tsetse-flies 
  — 
  

  

  1. 
  Glossina 
  palpalis 
  

  

  2. 
  Glossina 
  tachinoides 
  — 
  

  

  (a) 
  Habits 
  . 
  . 
  

  

  (b) 
  Fauna 
  in 
  tachinoides 
  Haunts 
  

  

  (c) 
  Colonies 
  of 
  tachinoides 
  in 
  Populous 
  Districts 
  

  

  (d) 
  Some 
  Contrasts 
  with 
  G. 
  morsitans 
  

  

  (e) 
  Evidence 
  of 
  Choice 
  of 
  Diet 
  . 
  . 
  

   (/) 
  Seasonal 
  Variation 
  in 
  Nutrition 
  

   (g) 
  Conclusions 
  on 
  Food 
  

  

  3. 
  Glossina 
  morsitans 
  

   VI. 
  Trypanosome 
  Infections 
  in 
  Tsetse-flies 
  

  

  VII. 
  Relation 
  of 
  Tsetse-flies 
  to 
  Domestic 
  Stock 
  

   VIII. 
  Sleeping 
  Sickness 
  

   IX. 
  Summary 
  and 
  Conclusions 
  

  

  PAGE 
  

   373 
  

  

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   3S5 
  

   386 
  

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   392 
  

   395 
  

  

  I. 
  — 
  Introduction. 
  

  

  The 
  tsetse-fly 
  investigation 
  now 
  in 
  progress 
  in 
  the 
  Northern 
  Provinces 
  of 
  Nigeria 
  

   is 
  an 
  outcome 
  of 
  the 
  proposal 
  of 
  the 
  Imperial 
  Bureau 
  of 
  Entomology 
  that 
  tsetse-fly 
  

   research 
  in 
  Africa 
  should 
  be 
  put 
  on 
  a 
  more 
  organised 
  basis. 
  For 
  various 
  reasons 
  it 
  

   is 
  not 
  yet 
  practicable 
  to 
  inaugurate 
  this 
  work 
  with 
  funds 
  contributed 
  by 
  the 
  various 
  

   Colonies 
  interested 
  in 
  the 
  problem, 
  but 
  the 
  suggestion 
  so 
  met 
  with 
  the 
  whole-hearted 
  

   approval 
  of 
  His 
  Excellency 
  Sir 
  Hugh 
  Clifford, 
  G.C.M.G., 
  Governor 
  of 
  Nigeria, 
  and 
  

   of 
  Dr. 
  T. 
  E. 
  Rice, 
  Director 
  of 
  Medical 
  Services, 
  that 
  it 
  was 
  decided 
  to 
  commence 
  

   such 
  an 
  investigation 
  at 
  once. 
  The 
  helpful 
  interest 
  of 
  these 
  gentlemen 
  has 
  greatly 
  

   aided 
  the 
  commencement 
  of 
  the 
  work. 
  At 
  present 
  the 
  only 
  investigators 
  engaged 
  

   are 
  the 
  authors 
  of 
  this 
  report, 
  the 
  first 
  of 
  whom 
  began 
  work 
  in 
  July 
  1921 
  and 
  was 
  

   joined 
  by 
  the 
  other 
  in 
  September 
  of 
  that 
  year. 
  

  

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  2D 
  

  

  