﻿INSECTS 
  INJURIOUS 
  TO 
  CROPS 
  IN 
  ZANZIBAR. 
  147 
  

  

  No 
  insect 
  parasites 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  preying 
  on 
  the 
  eggs, 
  larvae, 
  pupae 
  or 
  adults. 
  

  

  Among 
  mammals 
  the 
  most 
  useful 
  in 
  destroying 
  larvae 
  are 
  the 
  Macroscelidae 
  

   and 
  Soricidae. 
  The 
  following 
  list 
  includes 
  all 
  known 
  to 
  me. 
  

  

  Rhynchocyon 
  adersi. 
  A 
  large 
  elephant 
  shrew, 
  which 
  is 
  somewhat 
  local 
  in 
  its 
  

   distribution 
  and 
  chiefly 
  found 
  in 
  scrub 
  on 
  the 
  east 
  coast 
  of 
  the 
  island. 
  It 
  has 
  not 
  

   been 
  observed 
  feeding 
  on 
  larvae 
  under 
  natural 
  conditions, 
  but 
  partook 
  of 
  them 
  

   greedily 
  in 
  captivity. 
  

  

  Petrodomus 
  sultan. 
  A 
  rare 
  species, 
  concerning 
  the 
  habits 
  of 
  which 
  no 
  observations 
  

   have 
  been 
  obtained. 
  

  

  Pachyura 
  murina. 
  These 
  small 
  shrews 
  are 
  widely 
  distributed 
  throughout 
  the 
  

   island 
  and 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  beetle 
  traps 
  on 
  several 
  occasions. 
  

  

  Two 
  species 
  of 
  crows 
  (Corvus 
  scapulatus 
  and 
  Corvus 
  splendens) 
  have 
  been 
  noticed 
  

   feeding 
  on 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  Oryctes 
  boas 
  in 
  manure 
  heaps. 
  Many 
  species 
  of 
  birds 
  have 
  

   been 
  collected 
  and 
  their 
  stomachs 
  carefully 
  examined 
  for 
  larvae 
  or 
  fragments 
  of 
  

   adults, 
  but 
  none 
  have 
  been 
  found. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  are 
  minor 
  pests 
  of 
  coconut 
  palms 
  : 
  — 
  ■ 
  

   Rhynchota. 
  

  

  Aspidiotus 
  destructor, 
  Sign. 
  This 
  dangerous 
  coconut 
  scale-insect 
  has 
  been 
  found 
  

   occasionally 
  on 
  husks 
  and 
  leaves, 
  but 
  at 
  present 
  does 
  no 
  appreciable 
  damage. 
  

  

  Aspidiotus 
  cyanophylli, 
  Sign., 
  A. 
  lataniae, 
  Sign., 
  and 
  Hemichionaspis 
  minor, 
  Mask., 
  

   have 
  all 
  been 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  husks 
  of 
  coconuts 
  in 
  association 
  with 
  Aspidiotus 
  destructor. 
  

  

  Cerataphis 
  lataniae, 
  Licht. 
  This 
  cosmopolitan 
  Aphid 
  has 
  been 
  found 
  frequently 
  

   on 
  the 
  leaves 
  of 
  coconut 
  palms 
  but 
  never 
  in 
  great 
  numbers. 
  Ornamental 
  palms 
  

   of 
  various 
  varieties 
  are 
  heavily 
  infested. 
  

  

  Coleoptera. 
  

  

  Rhina 
  amplicollis, 
  Gerst. 
  Adults, 
  larvae 
  and 
  pupae 
  of 
  this 
  large 
  weevil 
  were 
  

   found 
  in 
  a 
  dead 
  coconut 
  tree 
  in 
  Pemba. 
  

  

  Diocalandra 
  frumenti, 
  F. 
  These 
  small 
  Curculionids 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  numbers 
  in 
  crevices 
  

   on 
  coconut 
  husks. 
  The 
  infested 
  nuts 
  showed 
  in 
  the 
  majority 
  of 
  cases 
  cracks 
  and 
  

   fissures 
  from 
  which 
  gum 
  was 
  exuding. 
  Attention 
  had 
  been 
  drawn 
  to 
  the 
  trees 
  

   on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  shedding 
  of 
  immature 
  nuts 
  and 
  peculiar 
  deformities 
  in 
  the 
  shape 
  

   of 
  the 
  nut, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  certain 
  that 
  the 
  injuries 
  were 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  weevils, 
  

   which 
  were 
  probably 
  secondary 
  visitors. 
  

  

  Rhyncophorus 
  phoenicis, 
  F. 
  This 
  large 
  weevil 
  has 
  been 
  recorded 
  from 
  Pemba. 
  

   Larvae, 
  pupae 
  and 
  adults 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  an 
  old 
  stump 
  of 
  a 
  coconut 
  tree, 
  others 
  

   in 
  a 
  dead 
  oil 
  palm 
  (Elaeis 
  guineensis). 
  As 
  far 
  as 
  can 
  be 
  ascertained 
  at 
  present 
  it 
  

   is 
  not 
  a 
  serious 
  pest 
  of 
  coconuts. 
  

  

  Isoptera. 
  

  

  Termes 
  bellicosus, 
  Smeath. 
  Termites 
  often 
  attack 
  seed-beds 
  and 
  cause 
  great 
  

   havoc 
  among 
  the 
  nuts, 
  in 
  some 
  instances 
  50% 
  of 
  them 
  having 
  been 
  destroyed. 
  

   The 
  soaking 
  of 
  nuts 
  in 
  Cooper's 
  dip 
  before 
  planting 
  gave 
  good 
  results. 
  Mr. 
  T. 
  J. 
  

   Anderson, 
  Government 
  Entomologist 
  in 
  British 
  East 
  Africa, 
  advised 
  watering 
  

   the 
  seed-beds 
  with 
  sea-water, 
  but 
  as 
  the 
  beds 
  attacked 
  were 
  situated 
  inland 
  a 
  

   considerable 
  distance 
  from 
  the 
  sea, 
  the 
  method 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  tested. 
  

  

  