﻿174 
  

  

  S. 
  MAULIK. 
  

  

  buccal 
  cavity 
  is 
  formed 
  by 
  an 
  upper 
  membranous 
  structure 
  (epipharynx), 
  supported 
  

   by 
  two 
  chitinous 
  pieces 
  outwardly 
  bent 
  (fig. 
  3, 
  B), 
  a 
  lower 
  lip 
  (labium) 
  (fig. 
  3, 
  A, 
  1) 
  

   and 
  the 
  mandibles. 
  The 
  upper 
  structure 
  has 
  numerous 
  papilliform 
  hairs 
  directed 
  

   inwardly 
  and 
  posteriorly. 
  These 
  are 
  probably 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  pharyngeal 
  

   muscles 
  and 
  control 
  ,their 
  action 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  stimuli 
  received 
  from 
  the 
  food 
  

   particles. 
  The 
  condyles 
  of 
  the 
  mandibles 
  (fig. 
  3, 
  A, 
  md.) 
  are 
  controlled 
  by 
  two 
  bands 
  

   of 
  muscles 
  (fig. 
  3, 
  A, 
  ms.) 
  3 
  and 
  the 
  apices 
  of 
  the 
  mandibles 
  are 
  pointed, 
  the 
  inner 
  

   border 
  being 
  uneven 
  without 
  any 
  teeth. 
  The 
  labium 
  is 
  a 
  membranous 
  structure 
  

   with 
  the 
  apex 
  broadly 
  rounded. 
  No 
  labial 
  palpi 
  are 
  observable 
  in 
  the 
  present 
  

   preparation. 
  A 
  pair 
  of 
  maxillae 
  is 
  present, 
  situated 
  ventrally 
  to 
  the 
  mandibles, 
  

   each 
  consisting 
  of 
  a 
  base 
  and 
  the 
  main 
  lobe 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  inner 
  border 
  of 
  this 
  lobe 
  are 
  

   numerous 
  hair-like 
  structures. 
  Although 
  in 
  the 
  preparation 
  before 
  me 
  I 
  cannot 
  

   see 
  the 
  maxilliary 
  palpi, 
  it 
  is 
  possible 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  present. 
  An 
  antenna 
  is 
  situated 
  

  

  Fig. 
  3. 
  Larva 
  of 
  C. 
  elaeidis, 
  mouth-parts 
  ; 
  md.j, 
  mandibular 
  joint 
  ; 
  mx, 
  maxilla 
  ; 
  

  

  ch.s, 
  chitinous 
  supports 
  ; 
  ms, 
  muscles 
  controlling 
  the 
  movement 
  of 
  the 
  mandibles 
  ; 
  

  

  I, 
  labium 
  ; 
  s, 
  setae 
  ; 
  B, 
  roof 
  of 
  the 
  mouth. 
  

  

  on 
  each 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  head 
  a 
  little 
  posterior 
  to 
  the 
  mandibular 
  joint 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  two- 
  jointed, 
  

   with 
  a 
  simple 
  lobe 
  at 
  the 
  apex 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  joint 
  and 
  another 
  stouter 
  one 
  bearing 
  

   several 
  papillae 
  (fig. 
  2, 
  a). 
  

  

  The 
  foregoing 
  observations 
  are 
  taken 
  from 
  preparations 
  made 
  from 
  two 
  larvae, 
  

   one 
  full 
  fed 
  and 
  the 
  other 
  younger. 
  They 
  were 
  cleared 
  in 
  potash 
  and 
  washed 
  and 
  

   put 
  in 
  90 
  per 
  cent, 
  alcohol 
  slightly 
  coloured 
  with 
  Congo 
  red 
  for 
  about 
  12 
  hours 
  ; 
  the 
  

   chitin 
  was 
  stained 
  well, 
  showing 
  good 
  differentiation. 
  With 
  more 
  material 
  the 
  

   structures 
  may 
  be 
  made 
  out 
  with 
  more 
  precision 
  and 
  in 
  greater 
  detail 
  than 
  I 
  have 
  

   been 
  able 
  to 
  do 
  at 
  present. 
  The 
  figure 
  of 
  the 
  larva 
  has 
  been 
  drawn 
  from 
  a 
  balsam 
  

   preparation 
  ; 
  in 
  clearing 
  in 
  potash 
  the 
  specimens 
  get 
  stretched 
  to 
  a 
  certain 
  extent. 
  

   In 
  drawing 
  the 
  figures 
  of 
  the 
  mouth-parts 
  of 
  the 
  larva 
  the 
  artist 
  was 
  aided 
  by 
  three 
  

   photomicrographs 
  taken 
  by 
  myself. 
  

  

  