﻿OBSERVATIONS 
  ON 
  SCALE-INSECTS. 
  185 
  

  

  It 
  affords 
  me 
  infinite 
  pleasure 
  to 
  dedicate 
  this 
  newly 
  discovered 
  species 
  to 
  our 
  

   esteemed 
  colleague. 
  

  

  The 
  males 
  were 
  all 
  dead, 
  and 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  imperfect 
  ; 
  and 
  although 
  one 
  failed 
  to 
  

   trace 
  the 
  long 
  caudal 
  filaments, 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  these 
  structures 
  is 
  indicated 
  by 
  the 
  

   setae 
  which 
  supports 
  them 
  in 
  life. 
  All 
  the 
  examples 
  were 
  lying 
  beneath 
  the 
  leaf- 
  

   sheaths 
  and 
  were 
  flattened 
  out 
  as 
  if 
  by 
  pressure 
  of 
  the 
  sheaths. 
  

  

  The 
  male 
  of 
  Antonina 
  australis, 
  Green, 
  has 
  been 
  seen 
  by 
  Froggatt 
  (Agricultural 
  

   Gazette, 
  N.S.W. 
  No. 
  742, 
  p. 
  3, 
  1904), 
  but 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  I 
  can 
  ascertain 
  it 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  

   described. 
  The 
  discovery 
  therefore 
  of 
  the 
  male 
  of 
  A. 
  water 
  stoni 
  is 
  of 
  interest, 
  as 
  

   the 
  members 
  of 
  this 
  sex 
  in 
  all 
  the 
  other 
  species 
  hitherto 
  described 
  are 
  unknown. 
  

  

  The 
  female 
  of 
  A. 
  water 
  stoni 
  is 
  nearly 
  related 
  to 
  A. 
  socialis, 
  Newstead, 
  but 
  differs 
  

   in 
  having 
  much 
  smaller 
  antennae, 
  in 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  a 
  large 
  isolated 
  group 
  of 
  minute 
  

   spines, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  anal 
  segment, 
  including 
  also 
  the 
  relative 
  position 
  

   of 
  the 
  anal 
  ring. 
  

  

  Pseudokermes 
  marginatus, 
  sp. 
  nov. 
  

  

  Female 
  Test. 
  Roughly 
  hemispherical 
  ; 
  glassy 
  white, 
  with 
  a 
  median 
  longitudinal 
  

   suture, 
  which 
  renders 
  the 
  two 
  halves 
  easily 
  separable 
  ; 
  dorsal 
  surface 
  with 
  faint 
  traces 
  

   of 
  small 
  and 
  somewhat 
  rectangular 
  patches 
  of 
  secretion 
  ; 
  sides 
  with 
  wavy 
  conchoidal 
  

   striae 
  ; 
  stigmatic 
  ridges 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  distinct 
  ; 
  margin 
  wavy. 
  

  

  Female, 
  adult. 
  Shape 
  somewhat 
  like 
  that 
  of 
  a 
  soldier's 
  steel 
  helmet 
  in 
  

   miniature, 
  with 
  a 
  narrow 
  mediodorsal 
  ridge, 
  a 
  relatively 
  very 
  broad 
  flat 
  margin 
  

   (rim) 
  an'd 
  prominent 
  anal 
  lobes. 
  Surface 
  faintly 
  uneven 
  but 
  shining. 
  Colour 
  

   pale 
  castaneous. 
  Boiled 
  in 
  KOH, 
  the 
  integument 
  of 
  the 
  dorsum 
  changes 
  to 
  pale 
  

   straw-colour 
  ; 
  the 
  broad 
  flange 
  becomes 
  quite 
  transparent, 
  and 
  the 
  extreme 
  margin 
  

   brownish 
  — 
  the 
  three 
  grades 
  of 
  chitin 
  showing 
  in 
  marked 
  contrast 
  to 
  one 
  another. 
  

   Antennae 
  represented 
  by 
  exceedingly 
  minute 
  tubercles 
  bearing 
  4-5 
  short 
  stout 
  setae. 
  

   Legs 
  entirely 
  absent. 
  Margin 
  wavy 
  and 
  irregular. 
  Stigmata 
  robust, 
  somewhat 
  

   cylindrical, 
  and 
  externally 
  obtusely 
  conical. 
  Stigmatic 
  clefts 
  and 
  spines 
  absent. 
  

   Marginal 
  spines 
  relatively 
  stout, 
  acutely 
  pointed, 
  and 
  very 
  widely 
  separated. 
  Anal 
  

   cleft 
  deep 
  ; 
  lobes 
  somewhat 
  triangular, 
  the 
  proximal 
  and 
  inner 
  margins 
  longer 
  than 
  the 
  

   outer 
  ; 
  apices 
  with 
  several 
  fine 
  hairs. 
  Dorsal 
  gland-pores 
  in 
  the 
  median 
  longitudinal 
  

   ridge, 
  circular, 
  surrounded 
  by 
  a 
  small 
  pale 
  area, 
  and 
  often 
  divided 
  into 
  two 
  linear 
  

   groups. 
  The 
  broad 
  flat 
  marginal 
  flange, 
  in 
  very 
  old 
  and 
  heavily 
  stained 
  examples, 
  

   with 
  numerous 
  cell-like 
  clear 
  areas, 
  the 
  inner 
  series 
  forming 
  an 
  irregular 
  dactyliform 
  

   pattern; 
  in 
  younger 
  forms 
  these 
  structures 
  are 
  wanting 
  and 
  in 
  their 
  place 
  are 
  seen 
  

   a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  narrow 
  tubular 
  ducts. 
  The 
  extreme 
  margin 
  presents, 
  on 
  its 
  inner 
  

   surface, 
  an 
  irregular 
  crenulated 
  appearance, 
  the 
  depressions 
  occupied 
  by 
  a 
  rather 
  

   ill-defined 
  duct. 
  Length, 
  2*1-1*8 
  ; 
  width, 
  2*1-2 
  mm. 
  

  

  British 
  Guiana; 
  Ituni 
  Savannah, 
  on 
  Nectandra 
  sp., 
  r 
  28.ii.1919 
  (A. 
  A. 
  Abraham 
  

   per 
  G. 
  E. 
  Bodkin). 
  

  

  The 
  test 
  of 
  the 
  female 
  resembles 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  young 
  forms 
  of 
  P. 
  nitens, 
  CklL, 
  but 
  the 
  

   fine 
  vertical 
  striae 
  are 
  wanting 
  and 
  the 
  surface 
  is 
  much 
  more 
  uneven. 
  In 
  the 
  female 
  

   of 
  P. 
  nitens 
  the 
  broad 
  margin 
  is 
  wanting 
  ; 
  the 
  integument 
  is 
  uniformly 
  membranous 
  

   after 
  maceration 
  in 
  KOH, 
  and 
  minute 
  vestigial 
  legs 
  are 
  present. 
  

  

  Male 
  puparia 
  not 
  observed. 
  

  

  