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  A. 
  T. 
  STANTON. 
  

  

  These 
  services 
  throughout 
  Indo-China 
  are 
  well 
  maintained. 
  All 
  the 
  principal 
  

   ports 
  and 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  smaller 
  ones 
  are 
  provided 
  with 
  rooms 
  for 
  disinfection 
  and 
  

   mobile 
  apparatus 
  for 
  the 
  disinfection 
  of 
  ships. 
  

  

  Mosquitos. 
  — 
  The 
  following 
  species 
  were 
  met 
  with, 
  given 
  in 
  order 
  of 
  frequency. 
  

  

  (A). 
  Adult 
  mosquitos 
  taken 
  in 
  houses 
  : 
  — 
  Culex 
  fatigans, 
  Stegomyia 
  fasciata, 
  

   S. 
  albopicta 
  (scutellaris), 
  Armigeres 
  obturbans, 
  Mansonioides 
  uniformis, 
  Culex 
  

   gelidus, 
  C. 
  sitiens, 
  C. 
  concolor, 
  Anopheles 
  rossi 
  var. 
  indefinitus, 
  A. 
  sinensis. 
  

  

  (B). 
  Larvae 
  taken 
  in 
  artificial 
  collections 
  of 
  water 
  : 
  — 
  Stegomyia 
  fasciata, 
  

   JS. 
  albopicta 
  (scutellaris), 
  Ochlerotatus 
  gubematorius, 
  Giles, 
  Cyaihomyia 
  brevipalpis, 
  

   Culex 
  concolor. 
  

  

  (C). 
  Larvae 
  taken 
  in 
  natural 
  collections 
  of 
  water 
  : 
  — 
  Cidex 
  fatigans, 
  C. 
  gelidus, 
  

   €. 
  concolor, 
  A. 
  rossi 
  var. 
  indefinitus. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  my 
  visit, 
  in 
  November 
  towards 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  rainy 
  season, 
  

   mosquitos 
  were 
  not 
  numerous 
  in 
  Saigon, 
  but 
  Stegomyia 
  fasciata 
  was 
  not 
  uncommonly 
  

   met 
  with. 
  In 
  the 
  native 
  city 
  of 
  Cholon 
  larvae 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  were 
  common. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  annual 
  report 
  for 
  1914 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  Ambulance 
  du 
  Cap 
  St. 
  Jacques 
  " 
  Major 
  

   J. 
  E. 
  Rencurel 
  describes 
  an 
  outbreak 
  of 
  fever 
  of 
  obscure 
  causation 
  among 
  officers 
  

   and 
  their 
  families. 
  A 
  further 
  small 
  outbreak 
  at 
  Cape 
  St. 
  James 
  occurred 
  in 
  1915 
  

   and 
  similar 
  cases 
  were 
  observed 
  at 
  Saigon. 
  Major 
  Rencurel 
  identified 
  this 
  fever 
  

   with 
  the 
  " 
  six 
  day 
  fever 
  of 
  ports 
  " 
  described 
  by 
  Leonard 
  Rogers 
  and 
  attributed 
  its 
  

   spread 
  to 
  a 
  biting 
  insect, 
  mosquito 
  or 
  fly. 
  Certain 
  officers 
  who 
  had 
  experience 
  of 
  

   the 
  fever 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  conditions 
  at 
  Cape 
  St. 
  James 
  entertained 
  the 
  suspicion 
  that 
  

   the 
  disease 
  might 
  be 
  related 
  in 
  some 
  way 
  to 
  yellow 
  fever. 
  

  

  Haiphong. 
  

  

  Haiphong 
  is 
  the 
  shipping 
  port 
  for 
  Hanoi 
  and 
  other 
  commercial 
  centres 
  in 
  Tonkin 
  

   and 
  for 
  the 
  Chinese 
  province 
  of 
  Yunnan. 
  It 
  is 
  situated 
  in 
  latitude 
  20° 
  50' 
  North 
  

   and 
  longitude 
  106° 
  42' 
  East, 
  on 
  the 
  banks 
  of 
  the 
  rivers 
  Cua 
  Cam 
  and 
  Song 
  Tarn 
  Bac. 
  

   These 
  rivers 
  are 
  joined 
  by 
  several 
  channels 
  with 
  the 
  river 
  Song 
  Koi, 
  a 
  great 
  water- 
  

   way 
  connecting 
  Yunnan 
  with 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  Tonkin. 
  The 
  banks 
  of 
  the 
  rivers 
  are 
  low 
  

   and 
  consist 
  of 
  alluvial 
  mud, 
  from 
  which 
  the 
  present 
  site 
  of 
  the 
  town 
  of 
  Haiphong 
  

   has 
  been 
  reclaimed. 
  Scattered 
  throughout 
  the 
  town 
  are 
  extensive 
  pools 
  and 
  areas 
  

   of 
  marsh 
  land. 
  The 
  population 
  of 
  Haiphong 
  is 
  about 
  45,000. 
  

  

  Trade. 
  — 
  Haiphong 
  is 
  accessible 
  to 
  large 
  ocean-going 
  steamers. 
  The 
  sea-borne 
  

   trade 
  of 
  the 
  port 
  is 
  mainly 
  with 
  Hong 
  Kong, 
  Saigon, 
  Pakhoi 
  in 
  the 
  Chinese 
  

   province 
  of 
  Kwang-si, 
  and 
  Hoihow 
  on 
  the 
  island 
  of 
  Hainan. 
  

  

  Temperature 
  and 
  Rainfall. 
  — 
  The 
  monthly 
  mean 
  temperature 
  rises 
  above 
  80°F. 
  

   only 
  during 
  the 
  months 
  June 
  to 
  September. 
  From 
  December 
  to 
  February 
  it 
  is 
  

   about 
  62°F. 
  The 
  annual 
  mean 
  rainfall 
  is 
  about 
  69 
  inches, 
  May 
  to 
  October 
  being 
  

   the 
  rainy 
  months. 
  

  

  Water 
  Supply. 
  — 
  The 
  public 
  water 
  supply 
  is 
  a 
  continuous 
  high 
  pressure 
  supply 
  

   drawn 
  from 
  storage 
  reservoirs 
  in 
  the 
  hills 
  and 
  distributed 
  over 
  the 
  whole 
  area 
  of 
  

   the 
  city. 
  

  

  Sanitation 
  and 
  Quarantine. 
  — 
  These 
  services 
  are 
  controlled 
  by 
  the 
  director 
  of 
  

   Health 
  Services 
  of 
  Tonkin, 
  whose 
  headquarters 
  are 
  at 
  Hanoi 
  and 
  who 
  is 
  represented 
  

   •at 
  Haiphong 
  by 
  an 
  official 
  of 
  the 
  department. 
  

  

  