44 [Senate 



form of a parallelogram— six hundred and twenty-seven feet in length, by two 

 hundred and ninety in width. The redout, constituting the line of defense across 

 the isthmus which connects the summit of the hill with the plateau extending in 

 a southern direction, has an elevation of some four feet, by five feet in width— with 

 moat three feet in depth ; the walls bordering upon the precipitous ravines are 

 three feet in height, gradually assuming liess elevation until reaching the northern 

 side of the work, where the parapet, crowning the lofty brow of the hill, is only 

 two feet al ove the interior surface. In a central position of the wall upon the 

 southern side of the work, a wide gateway occurs, with elevated mounds upon each 

 side, to guard the entrance. This enclosure possesses additional interest, arising 

 from the numerous remains of art and implements of ancient warfare, which have 

 been observed here; it was estimated that many bushels of these relics had been 

 removed from the ground. Along the buttress extending upon the northern side 

 of the hill, Were vast masses of stones. Which had been thus accumulated, undoubt- 

 edly for the purpose of projecting upon an approaching foe. I noticed upon a rock, 

 which occurs nearly in the center of the inclosure, a block of blue granite from 

 which a chisel was partially wrought, and probably just as it had been left by its 

 rude artisan. Throughout the area embraced by this entrenchment, the plow had 

 thrown up immense quantities of human bones; a more luxuriant vegetation, and 

 a deeper verdure, still marks the ground where the tide of combat once rolled. 

 The green woods now border the pleasant hill-side in quiet beauty; all is still save 

 the faint murmur of the distant stream; the brave warrior has long since gone, 

 and his war-whoop died away among the hills and in the dim retreats of these 

 lonely glens. 



Still further up this valley, about a mile and a half, occur two other works, situ- 

 ated upon opposite banks of the creek, and separated by a distance of some fifty- 

 six rods. 



One of these works appears to have been projected upon the same principles of 

 military art, as the entrenched hill previously described. It occupies a peninsular 

 eminence, which rises to an altitude of seventy-five feet; the waters of the stream 

 which glides in the valley below, half encircle the hill, and its steep declivity, and 

 the ravines upon either side, are covered by the forest and a luxuriant shrubbery; 

 while upon the opposite side, to the east and the west, the green slopes of lesser 

 hills, complete the picturesque view here presented. This work is in the general 

 outline of a parellelogram, approaching to a rectangular form; the angles, however, 

 are rounded upon a radius of about sixty feet. The parapet is now about three feet 

 in height by four in width, and the vallum upon the southern line of fortification, is 

 some three feet in depth. There exist some indications that bastions or towers 

 had been erected upon the Wall at its several angles, and also upon either side of 

 the gateway, which occurs in the southern portion of the embankment. It embraces 

 one acre and sixty-seven hundredths. 



The other work is of circular form — some eight hundred feet in circumference; 

 the embankment has an elevation of two feet, with ditch of corresponding dimen- 

 sions. Various remains of ancient workmanship have been disclosed here. 



The interesting work (plate VIII., No. 1,) is located upon a plateau which here 

 has an altitude of a hundred and fifty feet above the level of the Cassadaga valley. 

 The entrenched work forms an enceinte embankment, four hundred and ninety-five 

 feet in circumference, having a vertical elevation of some four feet, with a wide 

 ditch, two feet in depth. In the north-eastern section of the wall is a gateway, ten 

 feet in width, and from which an old Indian trail, still quite visible, leads to the 



