314 



JAS. J. SIMPSON — ENTOMOLOGICAL 



ascending minima, and follows very closely the order of ascending annual rainfall. 

 At one end of the scale are Geidam, Maiduguri, and Sokoto, and at the other 

 Lokoja, Ilorin, and Ankpa. A study of the Tahle will, however, reveal many 

 other interesting comparisons, all of which are relevant, in a minor degree, 

 to the questions vmder consideration. 



III. Population and Tribes. 



Politically, Northern Nigeria is divided into thirteen provinces* of very 

 unequal size. The extent of these and the enormous difference in the density of 

 the population in the various provinces will be seen from the following table. 



Province. 



Area in Square 

 Miles. 



Capital. Population. 



Sokoto 



Kano 



Bornu 



Bauohi 



Zaria 

 Niger 



Kontagora 



Ilorin 



Kabba 



Bassa 



NassaraTva 



Muri 



Yola 



Total 



35,400 



28,600 



32,800 



23,200 



15,800 



12,500 



27,000 



0,,300 



7,800 



7,000 



17,900 



25,000 



15,800 



255,700 



Sokoto 



Kano 



Maiduguri 



Bauchi 



Zaria 



Zungeru| 



Kontagora 



Ilorin 



LokojaJ 



Ankpa 



Keffi 



Amar 



Yola ' 



Total 



000,000 



2,400,000 



400,000 



709,100 



179,000 



226,800 



75,500 



103,600 



184,900 



175,000 



161,100 



584,000 



30,000 



5,889,000 



Any discussion of the origin of the numerous tribes which inhabit the 

 Protectorate would be out of place here, but at the same time it is essential to 

 know something of the leading tribes, their distribution, and the differences in 

 their pursuits and mode of living. 



By far the most important race are the Hausas, who are supposed to have 

 come from the east, and to have penetrated the Western Sudan from the North. 

 The whole of the Northern part of the Protectorate is sometimes designated by 

 the name of " Hausa Land." The Hausas arc essentially a trading people, and 

 as their itinerant nature has induced them to visit the remote parts of the pagan 

 countries, they have thus created trade routes in all directions. Consequently, 

 Hausa villages are to be found all over Northern and Southern Nigeria, for the 

 Hausas do not necessarily bring produce from their own country for trading, 

 but buy in one market and sell in another. 



Next in importance are the Fulanis, a tribe whose origin is unknown, but who 

 are supposed to have come from the country near the source of the Senegal 



* The data here given are those of 1907. 



f The headquarters of the Resident is at Minna and the area and population for the new 

 Niger Province is really that for the old, and now abolished, Nupe Province. 

 1 Thp headquarters of the Resident is at Kabba. 



