324 JAS. .T. SIMPSON — ENTOMOLOGICAL 



on my boy's back at one time. Besides tsetse, Hipjxcentrum, Tabamis, Haemato- 

 pota and also Hippohosca, absolutely covered my pony's belly, and in a short time 

 hundreds of these could have been caught. Needless to say, my pony developed 

 trypanosomiasis ; I examined his blood daily, and on the sixth day fomid 

 trypanosomes. Harnessed antelope, bush-cow, hartebeeste, water-buck, duiker, 

 oribi and pig, are abundant." The insects collected by Dr. Morrison during his 

 stay there include Mansonioides miiformis, Tahanus taeniola, T. fasciatus, T. 

 hifpittatHs croceus, T. ditaeniatus, T. par, Hvppocentrum versicolor, Haemato- 

 pota graciliH, H. lacessens, H. hullatifrowt, Glossina submorsitans and Flippohosca 

 macnlata. 



The presence of these in close proximity to Zungeru more than ever emphasises 

 the necessity of having an extensive clearing separating such haimts from the 

 cantonment. 



{c) Zungeru to Yelwa. 



This part of my tour was accomplished between August .30th and September 1 1th 

 under somewhat trying conditions. It being the height of the rainy season, the 

 rivers were much swollen, and many of the swamps were almost impassable. 

 Rain fell persistently the whole day during four marches, and thus rendered work 

 practically impossible. 



The country varies slightly in character at different parts, but the general 

 altitude may be taken roughly at 1000-1.300 feet above sea level. Immediately 

 after one leaves Zungeru, the River Kadima is crossed, but with this exception 

 the road to Garan Gabbas, about 7 miles from Zungeru, is practically 

 level and runs through thin, open bush country. Bush-fowl and guinea- 

 fowl are everywhere abundant on the route, and near Garan Gabbas itself 

 a considerable troop of large red monkeys was seen. The following blood- 

 sucking insects were captured on the pony between 4 and 6 p.m. : — Hippobosca 

 maculata, Stomoxys nigra, S. calcitrans, Haematopota bullaiifrons and Hippo- 

 rentrum versicolor. The first four species were abundant, but of the last only 

 one specimen was seen. Heavy rain fell during the night and up to 9 a.m. The 

 following day was dull and very few insects were seen. Between Garan Gabbas 

 and Tegina, Hippobosca. maculata, Stomoxys nigra and iS*. calcitrans were found 

 on the pony, while at Tegina itself two Hippocentrum versicolor were captured, 

 along with one Haematopota bullatifrons. This last species is a most voracious 

 feeder. It darts down and immediately sets to work ; the puncture made by the 

 jH'oboscis is very large, and if the insect be disturbed while feeding, a stream of 

 blood generally oozes out. A species of Simulium and a Culicoides occur at 

 Tegina. The native dogs were almost covered with ticks, and the following- 

 species were foxmd : — Jihipicephahts sanguineus, R, simus and Ilaemaphysalis 

 leachi ; while one species of flea, Ctenocephalus cants, was also obtained from the 

 same source. 



Before we left Tegina in the morning, one specimen of Tahanus suhangustns 

 was caught flying around the lamp on the table at 5 a.m. The journey from 

 Tegina to Mariga was far from good at this season of the year. Pi-actically half 

 of the road was under water, and some parts were very swampy and 



