16 



J. W. SCOTT MACFIE — THE DISTRIBUTION OF GLOSSINA 



of this insect is the reason why cattle cannot live in these districts. As a rule the 

 native herdsman is either unable to give any reason at] all for the death of his 

 cattle, or attributes it generally to " bad water " ; the one exception of which I 

 have heard in Ilorin was in the case of a Fulani at Lafiagi, who told Mr. Budgen, 

 the Resident in charge of the Patigi division, that there was a fly which killed 

 cattle in that district. On being shown a collection of tsetse-flies he singled out 

 one, which Mr. Budgen believes to have been a specimen of G. submorsita?is, as 

 the sort to which he referred. That Fulani cattle live and breed, apparently in 

 perfect health, in districts in which G. palpalis and G. tachinoides are widely 

 distributed, is undoubtedly true ; indeed it is an everyday occurrence to see herds 

 of cattle grazing beside the streams at the very spots where these tsetses have been 

 found to be most numerous. 



Fig. 5. — Sketch-map showing the distribution of the herds of Fulani cattle in Ilorin 



province. 



Elsewhere* I have pointed out that in Northern Nigeria the trypanosomiasis 

 due to T. brucei is much more fatal to horses than that due to T. vivax. If the 

 same statement applies to cattle, this fact may partly explain the restricted 

 distribution of the herds in Ilorin province, for T. brucei seems to be more common 

 in the east and south-east than it is in the west. In Uganda, moreover, Sir David 

 Bruce and his collaborators f concluded that the carrier of T. vivax was probably 

 G. palpalis, and it is well known that G. morsitans can transmit T. brucei. 



Dwarf Cattle. 



In addition to the Fulani cattle, a few dwarf cattle are met with in the southern 

 and south-eastern districts. A herd of these curious animals is seen amid natural 



* Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, vii., no. 1, 1913. 



f Reports of the Sleeping Sickness Commission of the Royal Society, no. xi. 



