﻿INSECTS OF EASTERN TROPICAL AFRICA. 305 



deterrent than maize or millet, but, so far as I am aware, there is no evidence 

 on this point. 



In view of the strong probability that this species can feed on a great variety 

 of vertebrate life, the mere destruction of the large game would seem at first 

 sight absurd, unless the said game can be proved to be the sole reservoir of a 

 noxious trypanosome. If a serious attempt is to be made to starve out the 

 insect, the only logical step would involve the removal or destruction of all such 

 classes of animal life, including man and his domestic animals. 



Grlossina pallidipes, Aust. 



This species somewhat resembles G. morsitans in its habits, at least as regards 

 the type of country in which it occurs and the conditions under which it feeds, 

 but it would appear not to be so completely independent of water. So far as 

 my experience goes, though not at all confined to river banks, it is always 

 associated with a fairly considerable amount of bush in rather low-lying river 

 valleys ; but given sufficient cover, it would no doubt be found a mile or so 

 from water. There would appear to be some ground for thinking that, in 

 British South Africa at any rate, this tsetse has a more marked seasonal 

 prevalence than G. morsitans, being much more numerous at the end of the wet 

 season and the months immediately following it than during the dry. It also 

 seems often to occur in far fewer numbers in any one spot than does G. morsi- 

 tans, which, when the conditions are favourable for seeing it, is usually fairly 

 abundant. 



As regards distribution, this species occurs mainly in the coast belt, from 

 which it extends up the principal river valleys, especially near the Equator. An 

 important exception to this is its occurrence in some numbers in western and 

 north-western Uganda, particularly in the Semliki Valley, where, considering the 

 essentially Western character of the fauna generally, G. longipalpis, Wied., might 

 have been expected to replace it. When on the Victoria Nile, near Masindi Port, 

 in December 1911, I was fortunate in obtaining both G. pallidipes and G. morsi- 

 tans in the same locality, which is of some interest, as authentic records of this 

 seem to be very few. Dr. van Someren's statement that both species occur 

 together as far south as Toro would appear to be mistaken, only specimens of 

 G. pallidipes having as yet been received by the Entomological Research 

 Committee from that district. 



The records of the distribution of this species in Nyasaland are in a very 

 unsatisfactory state, there being apparently no recent data available and no 

 very accurate localities are known for the very few specimens which are said 

 to have been taken in that country. It is, however, not improbable that this 

 species does occur in Southern Nyasaland, particularly near Lake Shirwa and 

 perhaps on the lower Shire. 



Authentic records of G. pallidipes occurring at over 4,000 feet do not seem to 

 be available. Reports of what may, perhaps, be this species from near Fort 

 Hall, British East Africa, if confirmed, would, however, show that it can exist 

 at considerably greater elevations. 



There would seem to be some evidence that this species, like G. morsitans, is 

 kept at bay by cultivation. 



