24 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOOY [Udf-l. 137 



etourt County lay across the war trace between their historic homes 

 and the Iroquois, and the name may indicate merely that Catawba 

 were to be looked for thereabout by Indians coming from the north. 

 So far as the general direction of their movement is concerned, how- 

 ever, it is corroborated by all of our other evidence (Schoolcraft, 

 1851-57, pt. 3, pp. 293-296). 

 Of the eastern Carolina Indians, the surveyor John Lawson says: 



When you ask them whence their forefathers came, that first inhabited the 

 country, they will point to the westward and say, where the sun sleeps our fore- 

 fathers came thence. (Lawson, 1937, p. 279.) 



This generalization might have included the Tuscarora as well as 

 the Siouan tribes, but Lederer's testimony applies specifically to the 

 latter : 



The Indians now seated in these parts are none of those which the English re- 

 moved from Virginia, but a people driven by an enemy from the Northwest, and 

 invited to sit down here by an oracle about four hundred years since, as they pre- 

 tended : for the ancient inhabitants of Virginia were far more rude and barbarous, 

 feeding only upon raw flesh and fish, until these taught them to plant corn, and 

 shewed them the use of it. ( Alvord, 1912, p. 142. ) 



Origin traditions from the coastal Algonquian tribes of North Caro- 

 lina are wanting, but Strachey says of the Powhatan Indians that they 

 "are conceived not to have inhabited here belowe [the falls] much 

 more than three hundred years," which would actually mean less time, 

 if there is any truth in the story at all, and, as the traditions of the 

 Delaware and Nanticoke also pointed westward, there is no reason why 

 those of the Powhatan may not have done the same. The possible sig- 

 nificance of this will appear presently (Strachey, 1849, p. 33) . Algon- 

 quian students have noted traces of northern dialectic influences, even 

 of Cree, in the fragments of Powhatan speech preserved to us. (Ger- 

 ard, 1904; Michelson, personal information.) 



Except for some very late stories dealing with movements within 

 the historic period, Shawnee legends point to the north (Spencer, 1908, 

 p. 383). 



Sibley speaks of a migration of the Kadohadacho, the leading Caddo 

 tribe, down Red River from a point near the present Ogden, Ark., 

 but this represents a relatively late movement (Sibley, 1832, p. 721). 

 More to the point is a tradition supplied by one of Schoolcraft's con- 

 tributors which traced the origin of the Caddo to the Hot Springs, 

 for we have good evidence that the Caddo once lived about the Hot 

 Springs and we know that they subsequently withdrew (Schoolcraft, 

 1851-57, pt. 5, p. 682). However, the Caddo narratives gathered by 

 Mooney and myself suggest that these Indians spread toward the 

 north, west, and south from the region where Louisiana, Texas, and 

 Arkansas come together. (Mooney, 1897, pp. 1093-1094; Swanton, 

 1931; 1942, pp. 25-29.) 



