SWANTON] INDIANS OF THE SOUTHEASTElRN UNITED STATES 61 



make peace and pay tribute, arrangements which probably lasted 

 only as long as the Spaniards remained at Coga. The major sent 

 exploring parties throughout the surrounding country and dispatched 

 a dozen or more soldiers to Nanipacana to inform De Luna of his 

 discoveries. In the meantime, however, De Luna and his companions 

 had abandoned the Indian town, on or soon after June 24, 1560, 

 and returned to the coast leaving a message which the band of sol- 

 diers recovered. Therefore, they kept on to the port. De Luna him- 

 self wished to proceed to Coga but by this time famine and hard- 

 ships had brought on a general mutiny, and the malcontents, being 

 in the majority, recalled the rest of the Spaniards from Coga. Dis- 

 sensions continued through the winter of 1560-61 and in April, 1561, 

 most of the colonists left in the flotilla of Angel de Villafane, who 

 had been sent to supersede Tristan de Luna and occupy Santa Elena. 

 De Luna and his servants sailed to Havana, and Villafaiie soon fol- 

 lowed. Many of Villafaiie's men deserted there, but he reached 

 Santa Elena on May 27, 1561, sailed along the coast of the two Caro- 

 linas, and entered some of the rivers, returning in July to His- 

 paniola (Priestly, 1928). 



At this point the French enter the picture. On February 16, 1562, 

 an expedition under Jean Ribault sailed from France for Florida 

 and on April 30 came in sight of its eastern coast below the mouth 

 of St. Johns River and skirted the shores of Florida and Georgia to a 

 large river which Ribault named Port Royal, probably the Broad 

 River of a later day. This is within the present limits of South 

 Carolina and here, near the present Beaufort, Ribault left a colony of 

 28 men. The party remained on this spot until the following spring, 

 being well received and entertained by the Indians around them, but, 

 despairing of relief from France, they finally constructed a small 

 vessel of 20 tons in which they made a gallant attempt to recross the 

 Atlantic. A number died of starvation, but finally an English vessel 

 picked up the survivors and they were restored to their own country. 

 This expedition is noteworthy for the relatively full account of the 

 Indians of the Cusabo and Guale provinces contained in it. In 1564 

 a Spanish frigate under Don Hernando de Manrique de Rojas was sent 

 from Havana to uproot the French settlement, the site of which he 

 finally located by means of a French youth who had been living among 

 the Indians. He burned to the ground the small structure the French 

 had erected and carried Ribault's monument back with him to Cuba. 



On April 22, 1564, a second French expedition under Rene de 

 Laudonniere, consisting largely of Huguenots, set sail and on June 

 22 sighted the Florida coast. Hunting for a suitable place to settle, 

 they finally fixed upon a site on the east side of St. Johns River a few 

 miles from its mouth, where they built a fort and spent the winter. 



