SwANTON] INiDIANS OF THE SOUTHEASTEiRN UNITED STATES 63 



attempt the year following, when he burned the towns of Coweta, 

 Kasihta, Tuskeegee, and Kolomi. The contest with English intruders 

 involved several later expeditions culminating in the establishment 

 of a stockade in 1689 at the Apalachicola village. However, the 

 principal result of this was to induce the greater part of the Lower 

 Creeks to quit their towns and settle upon the Ocmulgee, where they 

 could enjoy the advantages of trade with the English and the lower 

 rates to be obtained from them (Bolton, 1925, pp. 46-54). In 1686 

 Marcos Delgado had visited the country of the Upper Creeks in an 

 abortive attempt to reach the Mississippi River (Boyd, 1937). 



Meanwhile the Guale and Yamasee Indians began to suffer attacks 

 from the Yuchi and Creeks, assisted morally, and often materially, 

 by the English after they had settled at Charleston. Some time in 

 the 80's part of the Guale Indians were moved to the Florida coast 

 north of St. Johns River, but others, to avoid removal, fled to the 

 neighborhood of the English and settled under the name Yamasee 

 along the lower course of Savannah River. In 1704 the Apalachee 

 were broken up by a combined English and Creek expedition under 

 Col. James Moore, and part of the tribe were settled by the victors 

 on Savannah River, while the rest fled to the neighborhood of Pensa- 

 cola and the French post of Mobile (Swanton, 1922, pp. 89-92, 121-123; 

 Milling, 1940, pp. 169-172). In 1706 and 1707 the Apalachicola were 

 scattered in a second attack of northern Indians and part of them, in- 

 cluding the Tawasa and Chatot, fled to Mobile, while another part 

 was located on Savannah River below the Apalachee (Swanton, 1922, 

 pp. 130-131). 



In 1715 the number of Indians under Spanish control was con- 

 siderably augmented by the uprising of the Yamasee against their 

 English neighbors. They moved to Florida and settled with the 

 Timucua and some remnants of other peoples close to St. Augustine, 

 while the Apalachee on the Savannah reentered Florida and estab- 

 lished themselves about St. Marks, or reunited with those of their 

 tribe who had gone to Pensacola. 



The Apalachicola Indians seem to have returned to their old 

 country at first and to have established themselves at the junction 

 of the Flint and Chattahoochee, but later they went north and fol- 

 lowed the fortunes of the Lower Creeks. Meanwhile the Timucua 

 had decreased very rapidly, partly from epidemics and partly owing 

 to the hostilities of the northern Indians. They drew in around St. 

 Augustine for a time, but the last of them are thought to have 

 moved to Tomoka River, where they disappear from history. The 

 Yamasee were likewise constantly reduced in numbers, and at the 

 same time parties of Creek Indians began to move into the Florida 

 Peninsula and settle near them. The last of the Yamasee are said 



