SwANTON] INiDIANS OF THE SOUTIIEASTEiRN UNIITE'D STATES 95 



In 1805, as we have seen, there were 2 or 3 on the Ouachita and prob- 

 ably there were as many more with the Tunica near Marksville. 



BAYOGOULA 



When the colony of Louisiana was founded in 1699, this tribe was 

 living on the Mississippi River in one town with the Mugulasha (q. v.) 

 near a place, Bayou Goula, which preserves their name. Since La Salle 

 encountered no Indians along this part of the river in 1682, they may 

 have been recent arrivals, though Ford reports that the remains on 

 the site of their old town indicate a long period of occupancy. It is 

 also possible that a tribe called Pischenoa (apparently a Choctaw 

 word meaning "ours"), which Tonti encountered in 1686, 49 leagues 

 above the Quinipissa (q. v.) , may have been the tribe under considera- 

 tion. In February 1699, a hunting party of Bayogoula and Mugulasha 

 Indians discovered Iberville's colony at Biloxi and came to make an 

 alliance with him. On March 15 Iberville visited them himself and 

 has left a graphic description of their village. He took one of their 

 young men back to Europe to learn the French language, but he died 

 before returning to his people. The Bayogoula and Houma were then 

 at war with each other, and the peace which Iberville patched up be- 

 tween them did not last after his return to Europe. In the spring of 

 1700 the Bayogoula attacked the Mugulasha, their fellow villagers, 

 destroyed a considerable number, and drove the rest away, calling in 

 families of Acolapissa and Tiou to take their places. This seems to 

 have been partly because the Mugulasha had been too friendly with the 

 Houma. In December of that year, the Bayogoula were visited by 

 Father Gravier. In 1706, the Taensa, who had abandoned their 

 towns on Lake St. Joseph, settled in the Bayogoula town, but presently 



treated the Bayogoula as they had treated the Mugulasha. The sur- 

 vivors were given a place to settle near the French fort on the Missis- 

 sippi, and they furnished 20 warriors to St. Denis in his expedition 

 against the Chitimacha in the year 1707. By 1725 they had removed to 

 a point 13 leagues above New Orleans. In 1739 they were living be- 

 tween the Acolapissa and the Houma and had practically become fused 

 with them. Their subsequent history is given under that of the 



Houma (q. v.)» 



Bayogoula population. — Different reports of 1699 for the Bayo- 

 goula and Mugulasha together give 400-500 population, 100 warriors, 

 and 100 cabins. After the destruction of the Mugulasha we have in 

 1700 one estimate of 200 for the entire population. Iberville's estimate 

 of Louisiana tribes, made in 1702, allows the Bayogoula 100 families. 

 About 1725, 40 warriors are indicated (Bienville), and in 1739 this 

 tribe, the Acolapissa, and the Houma combined were thought to num- 

 ber 270-300 exclusive of children. For his basal year 1650, Mooney 

 estimated that this tribe, the Mugulasha, and the Quinipissa, assuming 

 the last two to be distinct, included 1,500 people; my own estimate 

 was 875. 



