SWANTON] INDIANS OF THE SOUTHEASTERN UNiITED STATES 107 



De Crenay map we learn that by 1733 part of the Chakchiuma were 

 already living with the Chickasaw. It is possible that the remainder 

 also joined that tribe, as tradition says, but it is probably not accidental 

 that one band of Choctaw Indians bears the same name. If the latter 

 were not connected with the historic tribe of Chakchiuma, it is 

 probable that they represented some earlier branch of the same. 



Chakchiuma population. — In 1699 De Montigny states that this 

 tribe and the Taposa together occupied 70 cabins. Bienville claims 

 that they had numbered 400 families in 1702 and that these had been 

 reduced by war to 80 families in 1704. Du Pratz says they had about 

 50 cabins in his time, about the period of the Natchez War. In 1722 

 La Harpe assigns to them a total population of 150, but some may 

 already have united with the Chickasaw. Mooney's estimate of the 

 population of this and the other small Yazoo River tribes as of the 

 year 1650 is 1,200. He includes the Tiou. My own estimate, exclusive 

 of the Tiou, is 750. One thousand would certainly cover all the upper 

 Yazoo bands. 



CHATOT 



A tribe which at one time gave its name to Apalachicola River and 

 at another, apparently, to the Flint. The Choctawhatchee was prob- 

 ably named for them, and they ranged well westward toward Pensa- 

 cola. In 1639 we get an incidental mention of them in connection 

 with the Apalachicola Indians and Yamasee. When missions were 

 established among them, an event which took place June 21, 1674, they 

 were living west of the Apalachicola River, at some place near the 

 middle course of the Chipola. There were two missions, San Nicolas 

 de Tolentino, 9 leagues from the Sawokli mission of La Encarnacion, 

 and San Carlos de los Chacatos, 3 leagues beyond that. During the 

 very year in which they were established, the friars claimed to have 

 converted the chiefs and more than 300 of the common people. Next 

 year one of the missionaries, Fray Rodrigo de la Barreda, was driven 

 out of the country in an uprising, almost immediately suppressed by 

 the Apalachee commandant, Capt. JuaA Fernandez de Florencia, and 

 the Chatot soon afterward abandoned their territory and settled 

 "in the land of San Luis," the principal Apalachee town. The mission 

 named after them, San Carlos de los Chacatos, was plundered about 

 1695 by the Lower Creeks, and 42 Christians were carried away cap- 

 tive. One Chatot chief named Chine headed a band which occupied 

 a village by itself in 1675 and later gave its name to the mission of 

 San Pedro de los Chines in the Apalachee country. In 1706 or 1707 

 this tribe, along with the Apalachicola and several others, was at- 

 tacked by a large body of Indians, probably Creeks, and the Chatot 

 were driven out of their country. Like so many other Indians in 



