118 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (Bull. 137 



Savannah, though some evidently stayed on the South Carolina 

 side. The Squirrel King was succeeded by a man named Succata- 

 bee. The Indians probably abandoned both sites just before the 

 Revolution, and in 1783 their lands in South Carolina were confis- 

 cated by that State. In 1791 they petitioned to have them restored, 

 but this was disallowed the year following, and although in 1795 

 they sent a memorial to the Congress of the United States to justify 

 their claim, evidently nothing was done about it. From statements 

 by Hawkins, we know that during their retreat, they first fell back 

 to the Chattahoochee to be near their friends the Kasihta and then 

 returned after a time to their own people in Mississippi. 



In 1752 and 1753 the Chickasaw defeated Benoist and Reggio dur- 

 ing their ascent of the Mississippi River. Shortly after this must 

 have occurred the last war with the Cherokee, which culminated in 

 the Chickasaw victory at Chickasaw Old Fields about the year 1769. 

 In 1786 official relations with the United States Government began 

 when, by the Treaty of Hopewell, their northern boundary was fixed 

 at the Ohio. In 1793-95 there was a war with the Creeks remarkable 

 for a signal victory won by 200 Chickasaw^ over 1,000 Creeks, who had 

 invaded their country and attacked a small stockade. By this time 

 pressure from white settlers was increasing, and the Chickasaw made 

 successive cessions of land in 1805, 1816, and 1818. Finally, by the 

 provisions of a treaty concluded October 20, 1832, they yielded up 

 the rest of their territories east of the Mississippi and removed to the 

 southern part of the then Indian Territory. The actual removal ex- 

 tended from 1837 to 1847. They were then placed upon the western 

 section of the Choctaw reservation, and in 1855 this was separated and 

 given to them and there they established a government of their own 

 which lasted until merged into the State of Oklahoma. 



The only sketch of a Chickasaw Indian that has come down to 

 us from early times is the one here reproduced from Romans (pi. 

 13, fig. 2). Plate 14, figure 1, is of George Wilson, an informant of 

 the writer and plate 14, figure 2, is the home of another informant, Mose 

 Wolf, at Steedman. Plate 15 shows the last Chickasaw Council House, 

 later the Court House of Johnston County at Tishomingo, Okla. 



Chickasaw population. — In 1693 Tonti estimated that the Chicka- 

 saw had 2,000 warriors. In 1699 the missionary De Montigny stated 

 that they occupied 350 cabins, a figure which another missionary, 

 De la Vente, writing in 1704, doubles, equating them with the Choc- 

 taw. In 1702 Iberville estimates 2,000 families, but the rather care- 

 ful enumeration made by the Colony of South Carolina in 1715 re- 

 ported 6 villages, 700 men, and a total population of 1,900. This 

 agrees very well with the figures given by Bienville in 1722-23, 6 or 7 

 villages and 800 men. A South Carolina public document of 1747 



