124 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLCKIY [Bull. 137 



CHOWANOO 



A tribe located on Chowan River near the junction of the Meherrin 

 and Nottoway Rivers, N. C. When the Raleigh colonists became 

 acquainted with them in 1584-85, they were the dominant tribe in 

 the region. They gradually dwindled away until in 1701, they had 

 become reduced to a single village on Bennetts Creek. They made 

 common cause with the Tuscarora Indians against the whites in 

 1711-13, and at the close of the conflict the remnant were assigned a 

 small reservation on Bennetts and Catherine Creeks. In 1820 they 

 were supposed to be extinct. 



ChowanoG population. — In 1584-85 one of their villages was said to 

 contain 700 warriors. Lawson in 1709 says they had one town on 

 Bennetts Creek with 15 warriors but in 1713 they were estimated to 

 have a total population of 240. In 1754 there were 2 men and 5 women 

 belonging to the tribe living in Chowan County. 



CONGAREE 



A tribe living on and near the Congaree River, S. C. They do not 

 appear, at least under that name, in the Spanish records. In 1701 

 Lawson found them on a small eastern affluent of the Santee below 

 the junction of the Congaree and Wateree and under the rule of a 

 "queen." Later we find their principal village placed on the Congaree 

 River nearly opposite the present Columbia, and a fort called "the 

 Congarees" was soon established near by. In 1716 war broke out 

 between this tribe and the Santee on one side and the South Carolina 

 colonists on the other in which the Etiwaw, a Cusabo tribe, allied 

 themselves with the whites. The war was a short one and at its end 

 over half of the Congaree and Santee were taken prisoner and sent 

 as slaves to the West Indies. The survivors, as we learn from Adair, 

 were incorporated with the Catawba and lost their identity in that 

 tribe. 



Congaree population. — ^In 1600 Mooney estimates that there must 

 have been 800. In 1701 Lawson notes that there were not more than 

 12 houses in their town. The census taken in 1715 gives 22 men and 

 a total population of not more than 40. 



COOSA 



There were two tribes of this name. One of these was on the upper 

 courses of the Ashley, Edisto, Combahee, and Coosawhatchie Rivers 

 and is usually reckoned a Cusabo tribe (q. v.), but its inland position 

 and its name suggest a possible connection with the Coosa of Alabama. 

 The second seems to have been one of the great original tribes of 

 Muskogee and, together with the Abihka, constituted the main repre- 



