SwANTON] INDIANS OP THE SOUTHEASTERN UNHTED STATES 129 



of the Westo. In 1670 the colony of South Carolina came into exist- 

 ence with the settlement in Charleston Harbor and from that time 

 on we hear considerably more of the natives. In 1671 the colonists 

 had a short war with the Coosa, and there were disturbances in 1674 

 in which the Coosa and Stono were involved. In 1675 the Coosa 

 ceded the land which was given the name of the Ashley Barony, and 

 in 1682 a more sweeping cession of territory was made by the Indians 

 about Broad River. In 1693 there was a short war with the Stono, 

 and in 1711-12 a body of Cusabo Indians joined Barnwell in his Tus- 

 carora expedition. In 1712 the southern Cusabo were granted Pala- 

 wana Island, to which most of their plantations had already been 

 transferred, but the Kiawa and Itwans appear to have remained in the 

 north until after the Yamasee War. In that contest the coast Indiana 

 seem to have sided for the most part with the colonists and in conse- 

 quence suffered little. One small body may have gone to Florida, for 

 in "a list of new Indian missions in the vicinity of St. Augustine" 

 made December 1, 1726, we find entered, "San Antonio, of the Cosa- 

 puya nation and other Indians." There is no mention of another town 

 occupied by these people, but 2 years later a second report on the 

 missions states that "the towns of the Casapullas Indians were de- 

 populated." It is not certain that these were Cusabo, but their name 

 resembled in form "Cocapoy," which is given as the designation of a 

 Cusabo town destroyed by the Spaniards in 1579. In 1720 "King 

 Gilbert and ye Coosaboys" took part in Barnwell's expedition against 

 St. Augustine. In 1738 Palawana was granted to a band of Natchez, 

 from which it is to be assumed that the Cusabo had left it or died out. 

 In 1743 the Kiawa received a grant of land south of the Combahee 

 River whither it is probable that the Indians about Charleston re- 

 moved. A few may have remained about their old homes, but we 

 hear nothing more of them after the middle of the eighteenth century. 

 There are still mixed-blood groups in the old Cusabo country probably 

 perpetuating a percentage of their blood. Some, and perhaps all, of 

 the Coosa, however, apparently retired inland. Adair mentions them 

 as one of the tribes which had united with the Catawba, but it is more 

 likely that they settled among the related Creeks and there are tradi- 

 tions suggesting such a removal. They may have numbered at most 

 600. 



Cusabo population. — The census of 1715 gives 6 villages of south- 

 em Cusabo with 95 men and a total population of 295, while the 

 northern Cusabo or Itwans had 1 village, 80 men, and a total popula- 

 tion of 240. Tlie tribe as a whole, therefore, counted 535 in all. 

 The Coosa do not seem to be included in this enumeration. As these 

 Indians are already described as "mixed with the English settlement," 

 it is fair to assume that they had already begun to decline in numbers. 



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