132 BUKEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 137 



of the Muskogee element among the Seminole. The other Eufaula 

 Indians went to Oklahoma with the Creeks, and the Tallapoosa and 

 Chattahoochee towns maintained their distinct character for a time, 

 but the Square Ground of Lower Eufaula has now long been given up. 

 The other has transferred its name to a neighboring city. Early 

 in the seventeenth century, we hear of a town in the southern part 

 of the province of Guale called Yfulo or Ofulo which may have 

 represented a branch of the same people, and there is another — or 

 possibly it is the same — between the Altamaha and Cumberland 

 Island the name of which appears in the Timucua form Yufera or 

 Ufera. 



Eufaula 'population. — In 1738 131 warriors were reported in the 

 two towns (20 in Upper Eufaula and 111 in the Lower town) ; in 1750 

 there were 10 returned from the Upper and 15 from the Lower; in 

 1760, 100 in the Upper and 60 in the Lower; in 1761, 35 hunters 

 in the Upper town and 90 in the Lower; in 1792, 40 men in Upper 

 Eufaula and 40 in Eufaula Oldtown, the last possibly belonging to a 

 different band ; in 1799, Hawkins gives 70 gunmen in the Upper town ; 

 in 1822, Young estimates 670 Lower Eufaula Indians all told; and 

 finally, in 1832-33, 459 Upper Eufaula were reported and 981 Lower 

 Eufaula, making 1,440 in all, exclusive of 21 slaves. 



ETEISH OR HA-ISH 



A small Caddo tribe usually living on a creek in San Augustine 

 County, Tex., called after them Ayish Creek. They are first men- 

 tioned in the Elvas and Biedma narratives of the De Soto expedition, 

 from which it appears that in 1542 they were encountered by the 

 survivors of his army in the region they later occupied. Joutel 

 mentions them again in 1687. In 1716 the Mission of Nuestra Seiiora 

 de los Dolores de los Ais was established among them, abandoned in 

 1719, reestablished in 1721, and finally abandoned in 1773 after more 

 than 50 years of practically fruitless effort. In 1768 they were 

 reported as among the "worst" Indians in Texas. In 1785 they were 

 living on Attoyac River and in 1801 Sibley says they were almost 

 destroyed by the smallpox. In 1828 they were between the Brazos and 

 Colorado, and after this time they united with the other Caddo and 

 followed their fortunes. 



Eyeish population. — In 1716 their town consisted of 10 cabins and 

 70 families. In 1779 there were said to be 20 families. Sibley reported 

 "not more than 25" individuals belonging to this tribe in 1805, but 

 15 years later there were said to be twice as many and in 1828 there 

 were said to be 160 families, evident exaggerations, though Sibley may 

 have underestimated them. A population in early times of perhaps 

 400 is indicated. (See Swanton, 1942, pp. 22-23.) 



