SWANTON] INDIANS OF THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 153 



people are reported to have removed to Florida in a body. Gatschet 

 speaks of a town of the name in the Creek Nation in Oklahoma, but 

 I could learn nothing about it in my several visits to the Creeks. 



Muklasa population. — The following estimates of the number of 

 warriors are given : 50 in 1760, 30 in 1761, and 30 in 1792. 



MUSKOGEE 



This is the name of a group of tribes speaking the language ordi- 

 narily known as Creek and constituting the dominant element in the 

 Creek or Muskogee Confederation. It included the Kasihta and Cow- 

 eta, themselves supposed, traditionally, to have resulted from the 

 fission of a single body ; the Coosa and their descendants, or supposed 

 descendants — the Okfuskee, Otciapof a, and Tulsa ; the Abihka ; Hoth- 

 liwahali; Hilibi; Eufaula; Wakokai; Atasi; Kolomi; Fus-hatchee; 

 Kan-hatki ; Wiwohka ; Kealedji ; Pakana ; Okchai ; and Tukabahchee. 

 There is some reason to think that the Fus-hatchee, Kan-hatki, and 

 perhaps the Kolomi were subdivisions of the Hothliwahali ; the 

 Wakokai and Kealedji may also have been separated from some of 

 the larger divisions at a late period; and the Wiwohka appear to 

 have arisen from colonists of miscellaneous origins. On the other 

 hand, there is reason to suppose that the Tulsa may have become con- 

 nected with the Coosa very recently. When we first hear of them, 

 Muskogee tribes were the predominant, and almost the sole, people 

 on the Coosa and Tallapoosa Rivers and about Augusta, Ga. ; they 

 were dominant apparently on the Georgia coast; and there seems to 

 have been a tribe of this connection on Flint River, with perhaps an- 

 other on the Tennessee. The Confederation evidently existed in some 

 form at that time. Later the tribes of this group continued as the 

 dominant element on the Coosa and Tallapoosa, while the easternmost 

 bands concentrated on the Chattahoochee River about and below the 

 falls. Toward the end of the eighteenth century, a large part of these 

 last moved over to the Ocmulgee to be near English traders, but after 

 the Yamasee War (1715), they retired to their former settlements and 

 remained there until all emigrated to the west of the Mississippi. In 

 Indian Territory, later Oklahoma, the Confederation took on a new 

 form as the Creek Nation, and preserved its identity until 1907, when 

 the Creek population was theoretically merged in the general popu- 

 lation of Oklahoma. The rest of the history of the Muskogee is in- 

 cluded in that of the constituent tribes. 



A number of Muskogee Indians, most of them prominent men, are 

 shown in plates 29 to 37. Plate 29 is the well-known picture of 

 Tomochichi and his nephew Tonahowi, who played such a part in the 

 founding of Georgia, and plate 30 is from the painting showing 

 Tomochichi's meeting with Oglethorpe in England. The small Yama- 

 craw tribe to which they belonged were probably connected with the 



