154 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 137 



Hitchiti-speaking group rather than the true Muskogee, but we can- 

 not well differentiate them. Plate 31, figure 1, reproduces the sketch 

 of a Creek war chief by Romans, and plate 31, figure 2, is taken from 

 the frontispiece to Bartram's "Travels" (1792). Plates 32 and 33 are 

 from sketches by Trumbull showing Creek Indians who met Wash- 

 ington at New York in 1790. Plate 32, figure 1, shows the chief of 

 the Kasihta band, and plate 32, figure 2, the chief of the Tulsa divi- 

 sion. The Creeks shown in plate 33 were not particularly distin- 

 guished. Plate 34, figure 1, is from Catlin and shows an Indian of 

 the famous Perryman family of Okmulgee. Plate 34, figure 2, is the 

 only known picture of Opothleyoholo, the greatest man that the Creeks 

 produced and still cherished as the national hero. Plate 35, figures 

 1 and 2, are from paintings of Opothleyoholo's great antagonist, Wil- 

 liam Mcintosh, martyr or traitor as one may choose to regard him, 

 the first by King in McKenney and Hall's collection and the other by 

 Washington Allston, in the State Capitol at Montgomery, Ala. 

 Whether he was or was not too good a friend to the white men to 

 have been the perfect friend to his own people may still be a matter of 

 discussion. Another friend of the whites was Timpoochee Barnard, 

 chief of the Yuchi, shown in plate 36, figure 1. The Creeks shown 

 in plate 36, figure 2, and plate 37 were for the most part men of 

 mark in the troublous transition period in the first half of the nine- 

 teenth century. Plates 37a and 37b show the older and later council 

 house of the tribe at Okmulgee, Okla. 



Muskogee population, — The number of warriors and hunters in the 

 Muskogee towns in the Creek Confederation is given as 1,660 out of 

 2,063 in the Spanish census of 1738; 945 out of 1,263 in the French 

 census of 1750; 2,620 out of 3,605 in 1760; 1,385 out of 2,160 in 1761; 

 1,130 out of 1,185 in 1772 ; 2,850 out of 3,605 in 1792 ; and in the census 

 of 1832-33, a total Muskogee population of 17,939 was returned out 

 of 21,733. (See Timucua.) 



NABEDACPIE 



This name (properly Nabahydache) in its older form seems to have 

 referred to salt and this is also the meaning of the name Naguatex 

 (equivalent to English Nawatesh), which appears in the De Soto 

 chronicles as that of a tribe living on Red River near the present 

 Shreveport. One or more towns of Nawatesh also appear in later 

 times alongside of the Nabedache proper, and they may have had dif- 

 ferent origins, but this is not believed to have been the case. At the 

 end of the seventeenth century, the Nabedache proper was one of the 

 tribes of the Hasinai Confederation, and their principal village was 

 3 or 4 leagues west of Neches River near Arroyo San Pedro, at a site 

 close to the old San Antonio Road. La Salle passed through this 

 village in 1686, and the next year Joutel found another allied with it 



