SWANTON] INDIANS OF THE SOUTHEASTEKN UNITED STATES 225 



Elsewhere this author maintains the familiar thesis that "the 

 hotter or colder the climate is, where the Indians have long resided, 

 the greater proportion have they either of the red, or white, color." 

 And he adds: 



I took particular notice of thte Shawano Indians, as they were passing from 

 the northward, within fifty miles of the Chikkasah country, to that of the 

 Creeks; and by comparing them with the Indians which I accompanied to 

 their camp, I observed the Shawano to be much fairer than the Chikkasah. [In 

 another place we read:] The Choktah are in general more slender than any 

 other nation of savages I have seen. They are raw-boned, and surprisingly 

 active in ball-playing. (Adair, 1775, pp. 4, 307-308.) 



It is to be noted that Speck's opinion regarding the relative 

 physical characteristics of the Creek and Yuchi agrees with that 

 of Bartram : 



It is noticeable that there exists a slight difference in physical appearance 

 between the two peoples. The Yuchi are a little more inclined to be tall and 

 slender than the Creeks and their skin is a trifle lighter in tone. 



He suggests that this difference may be owing to the higher per- 

 centage of Negro blood among the Creeks, but from the older writers 

 it would seem that it represents an actual divergence of long stand- 

 ing (Speck, 1909, p. 12). I have not seen enough Yuchi to venture a 

 judgment myself, but have always felt the Creeks to be intermediate 

 in type between the Cherokee and Choctaw. If, as I suspect, the 

 Creek and Chickasaw types agree, my judgment regarding the diver- 

 gence of Choctaw would coincide with that of Adair. 



Coming down to the Seminole Indians of Florida as observed by 

 MacCauley 50 years ago, it is interesting to note the repetition of 

 some comments made by much earlier writers, such as that referring 

 to the small stature of Creek women : 



Physically both men and women are remarkable. The men, as a rule, attract 

 attention by their height, fullness and symmetry of development, and thfe 

 regularity and agreeableness of their features. In muscular power and consti- 

 tutional ability to endure they excel. While these qualities distinguish, with a 

 few exceptions, the men of the whole tribe, they are particularly characteristic 

 of the two most widely spread of the families of which the tribe is composed. 

 These are the Tiger and Otter clans, which, proud of their lines of descent, 

 have been preserved through a long and tragic past with exceptional freedom 

 from admixture with degrading blood. To-day their men might be taken as 

 types of physical excellence. The physique of every Tiger warrior especially 

 I met would furnish proof of this statement. The Tigers are dark, copper- 

 colored fellows, over six feet in height, with limbs in good proportion; their 

 hands and feet well shaped and not very large; thteir stature erect; their 

 bearing a sign of self-confident power; their movements deliberate, persistent, 

 strong. Their heads are large, and their foreheads full and marked. An 

 almost universal characteristic of the Tiger's face is its squareness, a widened 

 and protruding under jawbone giving this effect to it, Of other features, I 



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