SWANTON] INIDIANS OF THE SOtlTHEASTEEN UNITED STATES 



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chamber over it is the counciL At the other end of the building, both upper 

 and lower stories are open on their sides: the lower story serves for a shed 

 for their saddles, pack-saddles, and gears, and other lumber; the loft over it is 

 a very spacious, airy, pleasant pavilion, where the chief of the family reposes 

 in the hot seasons, and receives his guests, etc. The fourth house (which com- 

 pletes the square) is a skin or ware-house, if the proprietor is a wealthy man, 

 and engaged in trade or traflSc, where he keeps his deer-skins, furs, merchandise, 

 etc., and treats his customers. Smaller or less wealthy families make one, two, or 

 three houses serve all their purposes as well as they can. (Bartram, 1909, 

 pp. 55-56.) 



Id 



I 



""1 



"1. 



A 



Figure 3. — Plan of Creek ceremonial ground and its position in a Creek town, as given by 

 Wm. Bartram. A, tcokofa or town "hot house" ; B, Square Ground ; C, chunk yard. 



Thus the winter house of the Creeks was built like the summer house, 

 and these two and the corncrib or granary formed three sides of a 

 square to which a warehouse was sometimes added in order to complete 

 it. These private dwellings were patterned after the ceremonial 

 square, or else the ceremonial square was patterned after them. We 

 shall probably never know which. At any rate both conformed to a 

 strictly Creek pattern, the town hot house representing another type 

 of dwelling and either a survival from an earlier style or one adopted 

 from their neighbors. 



In another place the same writer has the following note regarding 

 the houses of the Upper Creek town of Kolomi : 



The plain is narrow where the town is built : their houses are neat commodious 

 buildings, a wooden frame with plastered walls, and roofed with Cypress bark 



