SwANTON] INDIANS OF THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 503 



sometimes painted. The Great Men, or better sort, preserve a long 

 lock behind for distinction." He practically repeats Hariot's (1893, 

 pis. 3, 4) description of the method of wearing the hair in vogue 

 among the priests and conjurers. 



The Tuscarora Indians wore copper ornaments in their hair like 

 their Algonquian neighbors ( Alvord, 1912, p. 162) . 



Speaking of males in the Siouan tribes, Lawson says : 



Their hair is rolled up on each ear, as the women's only much shorter, and 

 oftentimes a roll on the crown of the head, or temples, which is just as they 

 fancy, there being no strictness in their dress. (Lawson, 1860, p. 311.) 



This applies particularly to the Siouans of Carolina, and so does the 

 following by Catesby though drawn from a somewhat wider field of 

 experience. He says they 



wear no covering on their heads, their hair, being very long is twisted and rolled 

 up in various manners, sometimes in a bunch on each ear, sometimes on one ear 

 only, the hair on the other side hanging at length, or cut off. Others having 

 their hair growing on one side of their head at full length, while the hair of 

 the other side is cut within an inch or two of the roots, standing upright. 

 (Catesby, 1731-43, vol. 2, p. viii.) 



Michel thus describes the usages of the Virginia Siouans in the 

 Monacan town: 



They have . . . black hair, hanging down upon their shoulders, most of them, 

 however, have it cut short, except the women, who wear long, black hair. When 

 they are summoned, their king or queen, as also their princes and nobles (but 

 with some difference) wear crowns of bark, a little more than a buckle wide, 

 round and open above, with white and brown stripes (beads?) half an inch 

 long, set in beautifully in spiral form, so that no bark is visible. The women, 

 especially the queen and her three servants, were overhung with such things, 

 strung on big and small threads or something, in place of chains. I wondered 

 what kind of material it was. I examined, therefore, the finery of one of the 

 maids of the queen. I cannot compare it to anything better than to strips of 

 leather, hung over the harness of horses in this country [Switzerland]. (Michel, 

 1916, pp. 129-130.) 



The Cusabo Indians seem to have followed the usage of the Creeks 

 and Cherokee to be described shortly, but that of the Florida tribes 

 was somewhat different, since they allowed most of their hair to 

 grow long (Swanton, 1922, pp. 72, 347). Garcilaso, in the only men- 

 tion made of this subject by any of the De Soto chroniclers, says of the 

 Indians generally that they wore their hair long and tied on (i. e., 

 close to) their heads (Garcilaso, 1723, p. 6). This corresponds to 

 the custom in Florida and along the Gulf coast to the westward rather 

 than to that of the interior tribes. Ribault says of the Timucua 

 Indians, "Their hair was long and trussed up, with a lace made of 

 herbs, to the top of their heads," and farther on that their hair "was 

 trussed up, gathered and worked together with great cunning, and 

 fastened after the form of a diadem," while Le Challeux has these 



